FOR COLLATERAL READING AND REFERENCE
The Statesman's Year-Book.
Great Canals of the World—pp. 4058–4059.
CHAPTER XXIII
SOUTH AMERICA—THE ANDEAN STATES
In its general surface features South America resembles North America—that is, a central plain is bordered by low ranges on the east and by a high mountain system on the west. In the southern part, midsummer is in January and midwinter in July. The mineral-producing states are traversed by the ranges of the Andes and all of them except Chile are situated on both slopes of the mountains.