J.W.R.

CONTENTS

CHAPTERPAGE
I.General Principles[1]
II.How Commerce Civilized Mankind[7]
III.Topographic Control of Commerce [17]
IV.Climatic Control of Commerce[29]
V.Transportation—Ocean and Inland Navigation[39]
VI.Transportation—Railways and Railway Organization; Public Highways[62]
VII.Factors in the Location of Cities and Towns[81]
VIII.The Cereals and Grasses[88]
IX.Textile Fibres[105]
X.Plant Products of Economic Use—Beverages and Medicinal Substances[127]
XI.Gums and Resins Used in the Arts[141]
XII.Coal and Petroleum[147]
XIII.Metals of the Arts and Sciences[159]
XIV.Sugar and its Commerce[185]
XV.Forests and Forest Products[193]
XVI.Sea Products and Furs[203]
XVII.The United States—The Seaports and the Atlantic Coast-Plain[211]
XVIII.The United States—The New England Plateau and the Appalachian Region[219]
XIX.The United States—The Basin of the Great Lakes and the Mississippi Valley[227]
XX.The United States—The Western Highlands and Territorial Possessions[247]
XXI.Canada and Newfoundland[261]
XXII.Mexico—Central America—West Indies[267]
XXIII.South America—The Andean States[275]
XXIV.South America—The Lowland States[285]
XXV.Europe—Great Britain and Germany[295]
XXVI.Europe—The Baltic and North Sea States[310]
XXVII.Europe—The Mediterranean States and Switzerland[320]
XXVIII.Europe—The Danube and Balkan States[335]
XXIX.Europe-Asia—The Russian Empire[343]
XXX.The Iran Plateau and Arabia[349]
XXXI.British India and the East Indies[358]
XXXII.China and Japan[367]
XXXIII.Africa[381]
XXXIV.Oceania[391]
APPENDIX[398]
INDEX[399]

COLORED MAPS

PAGE
Principal Transportation Lines and Regions of Largest Commerce[x, xi]
Mean Annual Rainfall[28]
City of New York and Vicinity, with Harbor Approaches[49]
Distribution of Vegetation[80]
North America[210]
Puget Sound[253]
Mexico[268]
South America[274]
British Isles[299]
Germany and Scandinavian Countries[304]
Holland and Belgium[314]
France[321]
Italy[326]
Spain and Portugal[329]
Turkey and Greece[338]
Russian Empire[342]
The Iran Plateau and Arabia[349]
Eastern China[369]
Japan and Korea[375]
Africa[382]
The Commerce of the Pacific[393]