For what are aniline, paraffine, naphtha, and carbolic acid used?
FOR STUDY AND REFERENCE
Obtain specimens of anthracite, bituminous, and cannel coal, and coke for comparison and study.
Obtain specimens of crude petroleum, naphtha, refined oil, aniline dye, paraffine, and carbolic acid; note the properties of each. Throw away the naphtha after using.
Read Mineral Resources of the United States on the foregoing subjects.
CHAPTER XIII
METALS OF THE ARTS AND SCIENCES
The development of modern civilization is directly connected with the mining and manufacture of the useful metals. Their effect on the affairs of mankind can be rightly understood only when they are studied in their relations to one another, as well as to the people who used them. Next to the discovery of the use of fire, an appreciation of the use of metals has been the chief thing to develop the intellect of mankind. When human beings discarded natural caves for artificially constructed dwellings—when they began to cook their food and clothe their bodies, they required tools. These, in the main, consisted of the spears and arrow-heads used as weapons of the chase, and the axes and knives used as constructive tools.