Bass, Pike, Perch, and Others

by James A. Henshall

SYSTEMATIC ARRANGEMENT OF THE FISHES

DESCRIBED IN THIS VOLUME

• FamilySILURIDÆ
• Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque). The Channel Catfish.
• Family CYPRINIDÆ
• Cyprinus carpio, Linnæus. The German Carp.
• Family ELOPIDÆ
• Elops saurus, Linnæus. The Ten-pounder.
• Family ALBULIDÆ
• Albula vulpes (Linnæus). The Lady-Fish.
• Family SALMONIDÆ
• Coregonus williamsoni, Girard. The Rocky Mountain Whitefish.
• Argyrosomus artedi sisco, Jordan. The Cisco.
• Family THYMALLIDÆ
• Thymallus signifer (Richardson). The Arctic Grayling.
• Thymallus tricolor, Cope. The Michigan Grayling.
• Thymallus montanus, Milner. The Montana Grayling.
• Family ARGENTINIDÆ
• Osmerus mordax (Mitchill). The Smelt.
• Family ESOCIDÆ
• Esox americanus, Gmelin. The Banded Pickerel.
• Esox vermiculatus, Le Sueur. The Western Pickerel.
• Esox reticulatus, Le Sueur. The Eastern Pickerel.
• Esox lucius, Linnæus. The Pike.
• Esox nobilior, Thompson. The Mascalonge.
• Family HOLOCENTRIDÆ
• Holocentrus ascensionis (Osbeck). The Squirrel Fish.
• Family SCOMBRIDÆ
• Sarda sarda (Bloch). The Bonito.
• Scomberomorus maculatus (Mitchill). The Spanish Mackerel.
• Scomberomorus regalis (Bloch). The Cero.
• Family CARANGIDÆ
• Carangus crysos (Mitchill). The Runner.
• Carangus latus (Agassiz). The Horse-eye Jack.
• Trachinotus glaucus (Bloch). The Gaff Top-sail Pompano.
• Trachinotus goodei, Jordan & Evermann. The Permit.
• Trachinotus carolinus (Linnæus). The Pompano.
• Family RACHYCENTRIDÆ
• Rachycentron canadus (Linnæus). The Cobia.
• Family CENTRARCHIDÆ
• Pomoxis annularis, Rafinesque. The Crappie.
• Pomoxis sparoides (Lacépéde). The Calico-bass.
• Ambloplites rupestris (Rafinesque). The Rock-bass.
• Archoplites interruptus (Girard). The Sacramento Perch.
• Chænobryttus gulosus (Cuvier & Valenciennes). The Warmouth Perch.
• Lepomis auritus (Linnæus). The Red-breast Sunfish.
• Lepomis megalotis (Rafinesque). The Long-eared Sunfish.
• Lepomis pallidus (Mitchill). The Blue Sunfish.
• Eupomotis gibbosus (Linnæus). The Common Sunfish.
• Micropterus dolomieu, Lacépéde. The Small-mouth Black-bass.
• Micropterus salmoides (Lacépéde). The Large-mouth Black-bass.
• Family PERCIDÆ
  
• Stizostedion vitreum (Mitchill). The Pike-perch.
• Stizostedion canadense (Smith). The Sauger.
• Perca flavescens (Mitchill). The Yellow Perch.
• Family CENTROPOMIDÆ
• Centropomus undecimalis (Bloch). The Snook, or Rovallia.
• Family SERRANIDÆ
• Roccus chrysops (Rafinesque). The White-bass.
• Roccus lineatus (Bloch). The Striped-bass.
• Morone interrupta, Gill. The Yellow-bass.
• Morone americana (Gmelin). The White Perch.
• Petrometopon cruentatus (Lacépéde). The Coney.
• Bodianus fulvus (Linnæus). The Nigger Fish.
• Epinephelus adscensionis (Osbeck). The Rock Hind.
• Epinephelus guttatus (Linnæus). The Red Hind.
• Mycteroperca venenosa (Linnæus). The Yellow Fin Grouper.
• Mycteroperca microlepis (Goode & Bean). The Gag.
• Mycteroperca falcata phenax, Jordan & Swain. The Scamp.
• Centropristes striatas (Linnæus). The Sea-bass.
• Centropristes ocyurus (Jordan & Evermann). The Gulf Sea-bass.
• Centropristes philadelphicus (Linnæus). The Southern Sea-bass.
• Diplectrum formosum (Linnæus). The Sand-fish.
• Family LOBOTIDÆ
• Lobotes surinamensis (Bloch). The Triple Tail.
• Family LUTIANIDÆ
• Lutianus jocu (Bloch & Schneider). The Dog Snapper.
• Lutianus apodus (Walbaum). The Schoolmaster.
• Lutianus aya (Bloch). The Red Snapper.
• Lutianus synagris (Linnæus). The Lane Snapper.
• Ocyurus chrysurus (Bloch). The Yellowtail.
• Family HÆMULIDÆ
  
• Hæmulon album, Curvier & Valenciennes. The Margate-fish.
• Hæmulon macrostomum, Gunther. The Gray Grunt.
• Hæmulon parra (Desmarest). The Sailor's Choice.
• Hæmulon sciurus (Shaw). The Yellow Grunt.
• Hæmulon plumieri (Lacépéde). The Black Grunt.
• Hæmulon flavolineatum (Desmarest). The French Grunt.
• Anisotremus virginicus (Linnæus). The Pork-fish.
• Orthopristis chrysopterus (Linnæus). The Pig-fish.
• Family SPARIDÆ
• Stenotomus chrysops (Linnæus). The Scup.
• Stenotomus aculeatus (Cuvier & Valenciennes). The Southern Porgy.
• Calamus calamus (Cuvier & Valenciennes). The Saucer-eye Porgy.
• Calamus proridens, Jordan & Gilbert. The Little Head Porgy.
• Calamus bajonado (Bloch & Schneider). The Jolt Head Porgy.
• Calamus arctifrons, Goode & Bean. The Grass Porgy.
• Lagodon rhomboides (Linnæus). The Pin-fish.
• Archosargus probatocephalus (Walbaum). The Sheepshead.
• Family KYPHOSIDÆ
• Kyphosus sectatrix (Linnæus). The Bermuda Chub.
• Family SCIÆNIDÆ
• Cynoscion nothus (Holbrook). The Bastard Weakfish.
• Cynoscion regalis (Bloch & Schneider). The Weakfish.
• Cynoscion thalassinus (Holbrook). The Deep-water Weakfish.
• Cynoscion nebulosus (Cuvier & Valenciennes). The Spotted Weakfish.
• Leiostomus xanthurus, Lacépéde. The Lafayette, or Spot.
• Micropogon undulatus (Linnæus). The Croaker.
• Menticirrhus saxatilis (Bloch & Schneider). The Kingfish.
• Aplodinotus grunniens, Rafinesque. The Fresh-water Drumfish.
• Family LABRIDÆ
  
• Tautogolabrus adspersus (Walbaum). The Cunner.
• Family EPHIPPIDÆ
• Chætodipterus faber (Broussonet). The Angel-fish.
• Family BALISTIDÆ
• Balistes carolinensis,Gmelin. The Turbot.
• Family PLEURONECTIDÆ
• Pseudopleuronectes americanus (Walbaum). The Flounder.

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CONTENTS

[CHAPTER I]	PAGE
THE SUNFISH FAMILY, Centrarchidæ_	[1]
The Small-mouth Black-bass, Micropterus dolomieu	[3]
The Large-mouth Black-bass, Micropterus salmoides	[30]
The Rock-bass, Ambloplites rupestris	[52]
The Sacramento Perch, Archoplites interruptus	[57]
The Warmouth Perch, Chænobryttus gulosus	[58]
The Blue Sunfish, Lepomis pallidus	[62]
The Long-eared Sunfish, Lepomis megalotis	[65]
The Red-breast Sunfish, Lepomis auritus	[67]
The Common Sunfish, Eupomotis gibbosus	[69]
The Calico-bass, Pomoxis sparoide	[73]
The Crappie, Pomoxis annularis	[79]
[CHAPTER II]
THE BASS FAMILY, Serranidæ	[85]
The White-bass, Roccus chrysops	[86]
The Yellow-bass, Morone interrupta	[90]
[CHAPTER III]
THE SEA-BASS FAMILY, Serranidæ (continued)	[95]
The Striped-bass, Roccus lineatus	[96]
The White-perch, Morone americana	[110]
The Sea-bass, Centropristes striatus	[115]
The Southern Sea-bass, Centropristes philadelphicus	[118]
The Gulf Sea-bass, Centropristes ocyuru	[119]
[CHAPTER IV]
THE PIKE FAMILY, Esocidæ	[120]
The Mascalonge, Esox nobilior	[122]
The Pike, Esox lucius	[137]
The Eastern Pickerel, Esox reticulatus	[149]
The Western Pickerel, Esox vermiculatus	[153]
The Banded Pickerel, Esox americanus	[154]
[CHAPTER V]
THE PERCH FAMILY, Percidæ	[156]
The Pike-perch, Stizostedion vitreum	[157]
The Sauger, Stizostedion canadense	[164]
The Yellow-perch, Perca flavescens	[165]
[CHAPTER VI]
THE GRAYLING FAMILY, Thymallidæ	[173]
The Arctic Grayling, Thymallus signifer	[176]
The Michigan Grayling, Thymallus tricolor	[178]
The Montana Grayling, Thymallus montanus	[181]
[CHAPTER VII]
THE SALMON FAMILY, Salmonidæ	[203]
The Rocky Mountain Whitefish, Coregonus williamsoni	[204]
The Cisco, Argyrosomus artedi sisco	[207]
[CHAPTER VIII]
THE DRUM FAMILY, Sciænidæ	[213]
The Weakfish, Cynoscion regalis	[215]
The Bastard Weakfish, Cynoscion nothus	[221]
The Kingfish, Menticirrhus saxatilis	[221]
The Croaker, Micropogon undulatus	[226]
The Lafayette, Leiostomus xanthurus	[228]
[CHAPTER IX]
THE DRUM FAMILY, Sciænidæ (continued)	[232]
The Fresh-water Drumfish, Aplodinotus grunniens	[232]
[CHAPTER X]
THE MINNOW FAMILY, Cyprinidæ	[236]
The German Carp, Cyprinus carpio	[236]
[CHAPTER XI]
THE CATFISH FAMILY, Siluridæ	[244]
The Channel-catfish, Ictalurus punctatus	[244]
[CHAPTER XII]
THE SHEEPSHEAD FAMILY, Sparidæ	[251]
The Sheepshead, Archosargus probatocephalus	[252]
The Scup, Stenotomus chrysops	[259]
[CHAPTER XIII]
MISCELLANEOUS FISHES
The Cunner, Tautogolabrus adspersus	[264]
The Flounder, Pseudopleuronectes americanus	[266]
The Smelt, Osmerus mordax	[269]
[CHAPTER XIV]
THE MACKEREL FAMILY, Scombridæ	[272]
The Spanish Mackerel, Scomberomorus maculatus	[273]
The Cero, Scomberomorus regalis	[278]
The Bonito, Sarda sarda	[282]
[CHAPTER XV]
THE GROUPER FAMILY, Serranidæ	[285]
The Gag, Mycteroperca microlepis	[287]
The Scamp, Mycteroperca falcata phenax	[291]
The Yellow-finned Grouper, Mycteroperca venenosa	[294]
The Rock Hind, Epinephelus adscensionis	[295]
The Red Hind, Epinephelus guttatus	[297]
The Coney, Petrometopon cruentatus	[299]
The Nigger-fish, Bodianus fulvus	[300]
The Sand-fish, Diplectrum formosum	[303]
[CHAPTER XVI]
THE CAVALLI FAMILY, Carangidæ	[306]
The Runner, Carangus chrysos	[307]
The Horse-eye Jack, Carangus latus	[310]
The Pompano, Trachinotus carolinus	[311]
[CHAPTER XVII]
THE CHANNEL FISHES
THE GRUNT FAMILY, Hæmulidæ	[321]
The Black Grunt, Hæmulon plumieri	[323]
The Yellow Grunt, Hæmulon sciurus	[326]
The Margate-fish, Hæmulon album	[328]
The Sailor's Choice, Hæmulon parra	[330]
The Pig-fish, Orthopristis chrysopterus	[331]
The Pork-fish, Anisotremus virginicus	[334]
THE SNAPPER FAMILY, Lutianidæ	[336]
The Yellow-tailOcyurus chrysurus	[338]
The Lane SnapperLutianus synagris	[339]
The Red SnapperLutianus aya	[342]
The Dog SnapperLutianus jocu	[344]
The SchoolmasterLutianus apodus	[345]
THE PORGY FAMILYSparidæ	[347]
The Jolt-head PorgyCalamus bajonado	[348]
The Saucer-eye PorgyCalamus calamus	[350]
The Little-head PorgyCalamus proridens	[352]
The Grass PorgyCalamus arctifrons	[353]
[CHAPTER XVIII]
MISCELLANEOUS FISHES
The Lady-fishAlbula vulpes	[355]
The Ten-pounderElops saurus	[361]
The SnookCentropomus undecimalis	[366]
The Triple-tailLobotes surinamensis	[370]
The CobiaRachycentron canadus	[373]
The Spotted WeakfishCynoscion nebulosus	[376]
The Deep-sea WeakfishCynoscion thalassinus	[381]
The Bermuda ChubKyphosus sectatrix	[382]
The Angel-fishChætodipterus faber	[384]
The PinfishLagodon rhomboides	[386]
The Squirrel-fishHolocentrus ascensionis	[388]
The TurbotBalistes carolinensis	[390]
[INDEX]	[401]

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LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS