(a) The number of rifles employed. On a given front the greatest volume of fire is produced by a firing line having only sufficient intervals between men to permit the free use of their rifles. The maximum density of a firing line is therefore about one man per yard of front.
(b) The rate of fire affects its volume; an excessive rate reduces its accuracy.
(c) The character of the target influences both volume and accuracy. Larger dimensions, greater visibility, and shorter range increase the rate of fire; greater density increases the effect.
(d) Training and discipline have an important bearing on the rate or volume of fire, but their greatest influence is upon accuracy.
The firing efficiency of troops is reduced by fatigue and adverse psychological influences.
(e) Fire direction and control improve collective accuracy. The importance of fire direction increases rapidly with the range. Control exerts a powerful influence at all ranges. (401)
FIRE DIRECTION AND CONTROL
Opening Fire
[416]. Long range fire, when effective. Beyond effective ranges important results can be expected only when the target is large and distinct and much ammunition is used.