[1148]. Fire trenches,—the trenches which shelter the firing line,—are of different types. No fixed type can be prescribed. The type must be selected with due regard to the terrain, enemy, time, tools, soil, etc., but all should conform to the requirements of a good field of fire, and protection for the troops behind a vertical wall, preferably with some head or over head cover.
The simplest form of fire trench is deep and narrow and has a flat concealed parapet ([Fig. 9]). When time will permit the simple trench should be planned with a view to developing it into a more complete form ([Figs. 10] and [11]). In all trenches as soon as practicable a passage way—2 feet wide at the bottom—should be provided, in rear of the firing step, for the men carrying supplies, ammunition, etc., and for the removal of the wounded.
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12When the excavated earth is easily removed a fire trench without parapet may be the one best suited to the soil and other conditions affecting the conditions of profile ([Fig. 12]). The enemy's infantry as well as artillery will generally have great difficulty in seeing this trench. [Fig. 13] shows a squad trench. [Fig. 14] shows a fire trench provided with protection against shrapnel. This trench is used in the European War.
Fig. 13
Fig. 14