[225]. On methods of warfare: Bartram, Travels, 211; Gatschet, Migration Legend, 167; Williams, Memoirs of Timberlake, 57 et seq., 93, 102; Smith’s Captivity, 153, 163; Hodge, Handbook, II, 915, and Morgan, League of the Iroquois, I, 68, 72, 300 et seq.
[226]. On scalping: Hodge, Handbook, II, 482.
[227]. An instance is given by DeBrahm. Williams, Early Travels in the Tennessee Country, 193.
[228]. Tattooing was practiced by Indians generally; the ink differed; by some charred box-elder was used, by others the dripping of rich pine-roots; the pricking was done by sharp flint points, sharp bone or gar’s tooth, and, in the West, cactus spines. Most tribes had one or more persons expert in the art. See, also, Bartram, Travels, 482 et seq.
[229]. Instances are numerous in the history of the American Indians.
[230]. In which he recites his war-like deeds, as by way of a swan-song.
[231]. This, it is believed, is the best description extant of torture at the stake.
[232]. A Seneca warrior from the North. Mooney, Myths, 491.
[233]. Gen. Oglethorpe: “In case of murder, the next in blood is obliged to kill the murderer, or else he is looked upon as infamous in the nation where he lives. There is no coersive power in that government.” Gentlemen’s Magazine (London) for 1733, p. 413.
[234]. Gatschet, Migration Legend, 136.