8. The Fifteenth Annual Report of the commission (pp. 443-485) contains an account of the appointments and removals by the various Presidents from 1789 to 1883. Also an account of the growth of civil service reform in the States and cities of the United States, pp. 489-502.
9. May a man be fitted for political preferment and not be competent to pass an adequate examination?
10. For other articles on civil service reform, see (a) The Civil Service and the Merit System, Forum, 27: 705-712. (b) Some Popular Objections to Civil Service Reform, Atl. Mo., 65: 433-444; 671-678. (c) Roosevelt, An Object Lesson in Civil Service Reform, Atl. Mo., 67: 252-257. (d) George William Curtis and Civil Service Reform, Atl. Mo., 75: 15-24. (e) Rice, Improvement of the Civil Service, N. Am. Rev., 161: 601-611. (f) Roosevelt, Present Status of Civil Service Reform, Atl. Mo., 75: 239-246. (g) Roosevelt, Six Years of Civil Service Reform, Scribner's Mag., 18: 238-247. (h) The Purpose of Civil Service Reform, Forum, 30: 608-619.
11. What was the Tenure of Office Act of 1867? Why did it become of great importance? Is it still in force? Wilson, Division and Reunion, 267, 270-271, 297; Harrison, This Country of Ours, 101-103.
12. What were the chief points discussed in the President's last annual message?
CHAPTER XV.
THE CABINET.
Formation of Departments.—The Constitution nowhere mentions the President's Cabinet. It was taken for granted, however, that departments similar to those found in the Cabinet would be formed. The Constitution declares that the President "may require the opinions in writing of the heads of the executive departments," and again, that "Congress may vest the appointment of certain inferior officers in the heads of these departments."