Correct articulation requires that each letter, syllable, and word should be clearly and properly pronounced. Incorrect articulation is the result either of careless habits or of natural defects. In either case, it may be largely overcome by persistent and careful drill in the pronunciation of those words in which the greatest difficulty is experienced. Conversation, declamation, calisthenics, singing, and similar exercises should be engaged in, in order to assist in overcoming habits of timidity or diffidence, and to give increased power and flexibility to the vocal organs.
Syllabication and accent are learned by careful observation and by reference, in all cases of doubt, to some standard dictionary.
Expression.
Correct expression in reading has reference to tone of voice, inflection, pitch, emphasis, all of which are included under modulation.
Tone.
Tone, or quality of voice, is the kind of sound employed in reading or speaking. A conversational tone is such as is used in ordinary conversation for the expression of quiet or unemotional thoughts. A full tone of voice is used in the expression of high or lofty sentiments, and of feelings of joy, courage, or exultation. A middle tone is used in the rendering of expressions which while not conversational in character are too unimpassioned to require a full tone. A low or subdued tone is used in passages where the sense requires a suppression of sound. The only rule necessary is this: Study so to regulate the tone of voice that it shall always be in harmony with the thoughts expressed.
Inflection.
Inflection is the upward or downward movement of the voice in speaking or reading. There are two inflections: the rising inflection, in which the voice slides upward; and the falling inflection, in which the voice slides downward. Sometimes there is a union of the two inflections upon a single sound or syllable, in order to express surprise, scorn, irony, sorrow, or other strong or peculiar emotion. This union of inflections is called circumflex. No rule for inflections can be given which is not subject to numerous exceptions. The movement of the voice, whether upward or downward, is in all cases determined by the thought in the sentence. That inflection should be used which will assist to convey, in the most natural and forcible manner, the meaning intended by the author.