| 1414. | July 21. | Birth of Sixtus IV. | [277] |
| ” | | Origin of his family | [277] |
| 1414. | | Omens attending his birth | [278] |
| 1471. | Aug. 9. | His education and elevation to the papacy | [278] |
| | | Children of his father, and their descendants | [279] |
| | | His partiality to his nephews | [283] |
| | | Extravagance of Cardinal Pietro Riario | [284] |
| | | Hospitalities of Sixtus | [285] |
| | | His improvements in Rome | [286] |
| | | Scandals regarding him | [287] |
| | | His patronage of art | [287] |
| | | And of the Vatican Library | [289] |
| | | Portrait there of himself and nephews | [289] |
| | | Painted by Melozzo da Forlì | [290] |
| | | His brother Giovanni della Rovere | [291] |
| 1474. | Oct. 12. | Made vicar of Sinigaglia | [291] |
| ” | ” 28. | His marriage with Princess Giovanna of Urbino | [291] |
| 1475. | | Made Lord Prefect of Rome | [291] |
| | | His beneficial reign | [292] |
| | | His favour at the papal court | [293] |
| 1474. | | The story of Zizim or Gem | [293] |
| ” | | His ransom is seized by the Prefect | [294] |
| ” | | Curious correspondence of the Sultan with Alexander VI. | [295] |
| ” | | Description of Gem by Mantegna the painter | [297] |
| 1501. | Nov. 6. | Death of the Prefect | [299] |
| | | His portrait | [299] |
| | | His widow | [300] |
| | | Cardinal Giuliano della Rovere | [301] |
| | | His persecutions by the Borgias | [301] |
| 1503. | Nov. 1. | His election to the Tiara | [303] |
| | | His character and policy | [304] |
| | | His patronage of art | [306] |
| | | His improvements in Rome | [306] |
| | | Parallel of him with Leo X. | [307] |
| 1490. | Mar. 25. | Birth of Duke Francesco Maria I. | [313] |
| 1501. | Nov. 6. | He succeeds to his father's state of Sinigaglia | [313] |
| ” | ” | He is carried to Urbino | [313] |
| 1502. | Apr. 24. | Is made Prefect of Rome | [313] |
| ” | | His early education and tastes | [314] |
| ” | | His military propensities | [314] |
| ” | June 20. | His escape from Cesare Borgia | [315] |
| 1502. | | He is received at the court of France | [315] |
| 1504. | March. | His return to Italy | [315] |
| ” | June 17. | Restored at Sinigaglia | [316] |
| ” | Sep. 18. | Invested as heir-apparent of Urbino | [316] |
| 1505. | Jan. | Contracted in marriage to Leonora Gonzaga | [316] |
| 1506. | | His first military service | [316] |
| 1507. | Oct. 6. | Assassinates the paramour of his sister | [317] |
| 1508. | Apr. 14. | He succeeds to the dukedom of Urbino | [318] |
| ” | ” | His constitutional concessions | [319] |
| ” | ” 25. | His summons to his new subjects to swear allegiance | [319] |
| ” | | His judicious and conciliatory measures | [320] |
| ” | | Origin of the League of Cambray | [321] |
| ” | Dec. 10. | It is signed | [322] |
| ” | ” | The objects of this unnatural combination | [322] |
| ” | Oct. 4. | Francesco Maria made captain-general of the ecclesiastical forces | [323] |
| 1509. | May. | Elected a Knight of the Garter, but not confirmed by Henry VIII. | [324] |
| ” | Dec. 24. | His marriage celebrated | [324] |
| | | The Duchess Leonora's psalter | [324] |
| ” | April. | He takes the field against Venice | [325] |
| ” | May 4. | Takes Brisghella | [325] |
| ” | | Remarkable incident in his camp | [325] |
| ” | | The Pope's partiality for the Cardinal of Pavia | [326] |
| ” | | His character and intrigues against Francesco Maria | [327] |
| ” | | His treachery | [327] |
| ” | May 14. | The Venetians beaten at Vaila | [328] |
| ” | June 11. | Rimini capitulates, and the campaign closes | [329] |
| ” | | The Duke carries his bride to Rome | [329] |
| ” | | He reconciles the Pope to Giuliano de' Medici | [329] |
| ” | | The Pope changes sides | [330] |
| ” | | Further treachery of the Cardinal of Pavia | [330] |
| 1510. | July. | The Duke marches against Ferrara | [331] |
| ” | Sep. | Julius II. takes the field | [331] |
| ” | | His suspicions of the Cardinal | [332] |
| ” | | The council of Pisa threatened | [332] |
| ” | | His indomitable resolution | [333] |
| 1510. | Dec. | His ill-judged appearance at the siege of Mirandola | [334] |
| 1511. | May 21. | The Duke's miscarriage before Bologna by the Cardinal's treachery | [336] |
| ” | ” | The Cardinal prepossesses the Pope against his nephew | [338] |
| ” | ” 24. | And falls by his hand | [339] |
| ” | | Ill-timed badinage of Cardinal Bembo (note) | [339] |
| ” | | The Duke retires to Urbino | [340] |
| ” | June. | And the Pontiff returns to Rome | [340] |
| ” | | His indignation against the Duke | [340] |
| ” | | Who is arrested, and subjected to a complicated prosecution | [341] |
| ” | | Defended by Beroaldo the younger | [341] |
| ” | | Dangerous illness of Julius | [342] |
| ” | | He is reconciled to Francesco Maria | [343] |
| ” | Dec. 9. | And absolves him | [343] |
| ” | ” | New league against the French | [343] |
| 1512. | | Hesitation of Francesco Maria | [344] |
| ” | | Consequent disgust of Julius | [344] |
| ” | Apr. 11. | The field of Ravenna | [344] |
| ” | | Francesco Maria is reconciled to the Pope | [345] |
| ” | June 22. | He retakes Bologna | [345] |
| ” | Aug. | And reduces Reggio | [345] |
| ” | | The French abandoned by their Italian allies | [346] |
| ” | | The Duke's fruitless attempt on Ferrara | [347] |
| ” | | Restoration of the Medici at Florence | [347] |
| ” | | The Duke's feeling towards them examined | [347] |
| ” | | New projects of the Pope | [348] |
| ” | | Lapse of Pesaro to the Holy See | [349] |
| ” | Oct. 23. | The town reduced by Francesco Maria | [349] |
| 1513. | Feb. 16. | He is invested with that state | [350] |
| ” | ” 21. | Death of Julius II. | [350] |
| ” | Mar. 16. | The Duke's reception at Pesaro | |
| 1513. | | Influence of Francesco Maria in the conclave favourable to the Medici | [351] |
| ” | Mar. 11. | Election of Leo. X. | [351] |
| ” | ” | His singular good fortune | [352] |
| ” | ” | His character contrasted with that of Julius by Sismondi | [352] |
| ” | ” 19. | Francesco Maria attends his coronation | [353] |
| ” | ” | And is confirmed in all his dignities | [354] |
| ” | Sep. | His favour for Baldassare Castiglione | [355] |
| ” | | Notice of the fief of Novilara | [357] |
| 1514. | | Ambitious projects and intrigues of Leo X., involving Urbino | [358] |
| ” | Apr. 2. | Birth of Prince Guidobaldo of Urbino | [359] |
| 1515. | Jan. 1. | Bembo's visit to that court | [359] |
| ” | June | The Duke superseded by Leo X. in his command | [360] |
| ” | | Friendship of Giuliano de' Medici for him | [361] |
| ” | Jan. 1. | Death of Louis XII., succeeded by Francis I. | [362] |
| ” | | The Pontiff's undecided policy | [362] |
| ” | Sep. 13. | Battle of Marignano | [364] |
| 1516. | Jan. | Death of Ferdinand of Spain | [364] |
| ” | Mar. 17. | And of Giuliano de' Medici | [365] |
| ” | ” | Character of Lorenzo de' Medici | [365] |
| ” | ” | Francesco Maria exposed to the fury of Leo | [366] |
| ” | Apr. 27. | Sentence of deprivation against him | [367] |
| ” | Aug. 18. | And his dignities conferred upon Lorenzo | [367] |
| ” | April | Ingratitude of Bembo | [367] |
| | | Lashed by Porrino | [368] |
| ” | May. | The duchy of Urbino invaded | [368] |
| ” | ” 31. | Francesco Maria withdraws to Lombardy with his family | [369] |
| ” | ” | The duchy surrenders to Lorenzo | [369] |
| ” | Sep. | S. Leo surprised | [370] |