In the present Manual of Geology it has been the aim of the author rather to indicate the methods of geological inquiry and reasoning, than to present the learner with a tedious summary of results. Attention has therefore been directed chiefly to the physical branches of the science—Palæontology and Historical Geology, which are very large subjects of themselves, having been only lightly touched upon. The student who has attained to a fair knowledge of the scope and bearing of Physical Geology, should have little difficulty in subsequently tackling those manuals in which the results obtained by geological investigation are specially treated of.
CONTENTS.
| PAGE | ||
| [INTRODUCTORY] | 7 | |
| [CLASSIFICATION OF ROCKS] | 8 | |
| [MINERALOGY] | 12 | |
| [ROCK-FORMING MINERALS] | 14 | |
| [PETROLOGY] | ||
| [MECHANICALLY FORMED ROCKS] | 17 | |
| [CHEMICALLY FORMED ROCKS] | 19 | |
| [ORGANICALLY DERIVED ROCKS] | 20 | |
| [METAMORPHIC ROCKS] | 21 | |
| [IGNEOUS ROCKS] | 23 | |
| [STRUCTURE AND ARRANGEMENT OF ROCK-MASSES]— | ||
| Stratification, &c.; Mud-cracks and Rain-prints; Succession of Strata; Extent of Beds; Sequence of Beds—Joints; Cleavage; Foliation; Concretions; Inclination of Strata; Contemporaneous Erosion; Unconformability; Overlap; Faults; Mode of Occurrence of Metamorphic and Igneous Rocks; Mineral Veins | 26-46 | |
| [DYNAMICAL GEOLOGY] | ||
| [THE ATMOSPHERE AS A GEOLOGICAL AGENT OF CHANGE] | 46 | |
| [WATER AS A GEOLOGICAL AGENT OF CHANGE] | 48 | |
| [GEOLOGICAL ACTION OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS] | 60 | |
| [SUBTERRANEAN FORCES] | 64 | |
| [METAMORPHISM] | 72 | |
| [PHYSIOGRAPHY] | 74 | |
| [PALÆONTOLOGY] | 77 | |
| [HISTORICAL GEOLOGY] | 84 | |
| [QUESTIONS] | 89 | |
INTRODUCTORY.