[119] Lucian, De dea Syria, 60.
[120] J. Marquardt, Privatleben der Römer, pp. 599 sq.
[121] Suetonius, Nero, 12. On hair-offerings in general see G. A. Wilken, Ueber das Haaropfer (Amsterdam, 1886) (reprinted from the Revue Coloniale Internationale). On the hair-offerings of the Greeks see Fr. Wieseler, in Philologus, ix. (1854), pp. 711–715; G. Deschamps and G. Cousin, in Bulletin de Correspondance hellénique, xii. (1888) pp. 479–490; W. H. D. Rouse, Greek Votive Offerings (Cambridge, 1902), pp. 240–245.
[122] Herodotus, ii. 65; Diodorus Siculus, i. 83. The latter writer’s account is the fuller, and has been followed in the text.
[123] Lucian, De dea Syria, 6.
[124] W. Robertson Smith, Religion of the Semites,² p. 329. He refers to Sozomenus, Histor. Eccles. v. 10. 7; Socrates, Histor. Eccles. i. 18; and Eusebius, Vita Constant. iii. 58, from whose testimonies we learn that at Heliopolis, in Syria, it was the custom to prostitute maidens to strangers before marriage. Eusebius speaks of the religious prostitution of married women as well as of maidens. Constantine destroyed the temple of the goddess in which these impure rites seem to have been performed. To moderns, Heliopolis (the City of the Sun) is better known as Baalbec; its magnificent ruins are the finest remains of Greek architecture in the East.
[125] This is recognised by G. A. Wilken (Ueber das Haaropfer, p. 105).
[126] G. A. Wilken, Das Haaropfer, pp. 61 sqq.; W. Robertson Smith, Religion of the Semites,² pp. 323 sqq.; I. Goldziher, Muhammedanische Studien, i. (Halle a. S. 1888) pp. 247 sqq. See also below, p. [102].
[127] Pausanias, viii. 41. 3. To the references given in my note on the passage add Pollux, ii. 30.
[128] Callimachus, Hymn to Delos, 278 sqq.; Pliny, Nat. Hist. iv. 91; Strabo, vi. 1. 15, p. 264; Plutarch, De Pythiae oraculis, 16. In Apollo’s temple at Delphi there were dedicated a radish of gold, a beet of silver, and a turnip of lead, which was thought to signify the respective value of these vegetables (Pliny, Nat. Hist. xix. 86). A poet speaks of tithes and first-fruits hung up for Apollo on a high pillar at Delphi (Clement of Alexandria, Strom. i. 24. 164, p. 419, ed. Potter).