[227] G. Maspero, Histoire ancienne des peuples de l’Orient classique: les origines (Paris, 1895), pp. 213 sq.
[228] F. Chabas, Le Papyrus magique Harris (Chalon-sur-Saône, 1860), pp. 169 sqq.; E. A. Wallis Budge, in Archaeologia, Second Series, vol. ii. (1890) pp. 428 sq.; id., Egyptian Magic (London, 1899), pp. 73 sqq. The case happened in the reign of Rameses III., about 1200 B.C. Compare A. Erman, Aegypten und aegyptisches Leben im Altertum, p. 475. As to Egyptian magic in general see A. Erman, Die ägyptische Religion (Berlin, 1905), pp. 148 sqq.
[229] M. Jastrow, The Religion of Babylonia and Assyria (Boston, U.S.A., 1898), pp. 268, 286, compare pp. 270, 272, 276, 278; R. F. Harper, Assyrian and Babylonian Literature (New York, 1901), pp. 375, 376, 377 sqq.; C. Fossey, La Magie assyrienne (Paris, 1902), pp. 77–81.
[230] M. Jastrow, op. cit. pp. 286 sq.; C. Fossey, op. cit. p. 78.
[231] E. A. Wallis Budge, “On the Hieratic Papyrus of Nesi-Amsu, a scribe in the temple of Amen-Rā at Thebes, about B.C. 305,” Archaeologia, Second Series, ii. (1890) pp. 393–601; id., Egyptian Magic, pp. 77 sqq.; id., The Gods of the Egyptians (London, 1904), i. 270–272.
[232] See an article by R. M. O. K. entitled “A Horrible Rite in the Highlands,” in the Weekly Scotsman, Saturday, August 24, 1889; Professor J. Rhys in Folklore, iii. (1892) p. 385; R. C. Maclagan, “Notes on Folklore Objects collected in Argyleshire,” Folklore, vi. (1895) pp. 144–148; J. Macdonald, Religion and Myth (London, 1893), pp. 3 sq.; J. G. Campbell, Witchcraft and Second Sight in the Highlands and Islands of Scotland (Glasgow, 1902), pp. 46–48. Many older examples of the practice of this form of enchantment in Scotland are collected by J. G. Dalyell in his Darker Superstitions of Scotland (Edinburgh, 1834), pp. 328 sqq.
[233] J. G. Campbell, op. cit. pp. 47, 48.
[234] Bryan J. Jones, in Folklore, vi. (1895) p. 302. For evidence of the custom in the Isle of Man see J. Train, Historical and Statistical Account of the Isle of Man, ii. 168; in England, see Brand, Popular Antiquities, iii. 10 sqq.; in Germany, see J. Grimm, Deutsche Mythologie,⁴ ii. 913 sq.; F. Panzer, Beitrag zur deutschen Mythologie, ii. 272 sq. As to the custom in general, see E. B. Tylor, Researches into the Early History of Mankind,³ pp. 106 sqq.; R. Andree, “Sympathie-Zauber,” Ethnographische Parallelen und Vergleiche, Neue Folge, pp. 8 sqq.
[235] Ch. Rogers, Social Life in Scotland, iii. 220.
[236] E. W. Nelson, “The Eskimo about Bering Strait,” Eighteenth Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology, Part I. (Washington, 1899) p. 435.