Heating Surface—The entire surface of the boiler exposed to the heat of the fire, or the area of steel or iron sheeting or tubing, on one side of which is water and on the other heated air or gases.
Steam-space—The cubical contents of the space which may be occupied by steam above the water.
Water-space—The cubical contents of the space occupied by water below the steam.
Diaphragm-plate—A perforated plate used in the domes of locomotive boilers to prevent water dashing into the steam supply pipe. A dry-pipe is a pipe with small perforations, used for taking steam from the steam-space, instead of from a dome with diaphragm-plate.
THE ATTACHMENTS OF A BOILER.[1]
Before proceeding to a consideration of the care and management of a boiler, let us briefly indicate the chief working attachments of a boiler. Unless the nature and uses of these attachments are fully understood, it will be impossible to handle the boiler in a thoroughly safe and scientific fashion, though some engineers do handle boilers without knowing all about these attachments. Their ignorance in many cases costs them their lives and the lives of others.
The first duty of the engineer is to see that the boiler is filled with water. This he usually does by looking at the glass water-gauge.
THE WATER GAUGE AND COCKS.
TWO-ROD WATER GAUGE.