The nations drew away from each other, and the internationalism that had been developing and that had been fostered by community of Church interest disappeared. National governments became more consolidated, but the peoples became more and more separated in sympathy. Until commerce developed in the modern time, that fine internationalism which had so often been exhibited in spirit, at least during the Middle Ages, was at an end. The Crusades had done much to break down the barriers of narrow nationalism. [{566}] The religious orders had still further fostered intercourse and increased sympathy among the nations. The universities, with their various nations among the students, had been nurturing grounds for better feeling among men. All this was now practically at an end. Not only that, but sectionalism in politics and sectarianism in religion drew men farther and farther apart and made them look upon those of other nations with less and less sympathy. The political change made for the concentration of power in the hands of rulers and the strengthening of the states for war, but it took away many of the rights of men and, above all, lessened their sympathies for their kind, except among their own people, and obliterated that spirit of good fellowship among the educated and cultured people of the world which had been so well nurtured in the time before. It is only during the later nineteenth century that there has come to be that spirit of friendly intercourse among nations once more which existed in the later medieval and earlier Renaissance periods.
INDEX
Abbot Trithemius, [525] Academic liberty, [555] Academies, Italian, [508] Academy,
of Naples, [509];
of Noble Minds, [9];
of Lorenzo de' Medici, [34];
Roman, [509];
Vitruvian, [509] Accademia at Venice, [510] Accademia dei Belli Arti, [196] Accidents, happy, [xxv] Achidemoios, [493] Achillini, [361] Acts and scenes division, [489] Adoration of the Lamb, Van Eyck, [71] Adoration of the Magi,
Dürer, [72];
Memling, [72] Advance of surgery, [414] AEgidius, [232], [437] AEneas Sylvius, [502], [543] AEschylus, [533] Age of Leo X, [xl], [41] Agostino, [540] Agricola, Rudolph, [xxxv], [505], [520], [524], [527] Agrippa, Cornelius, [393] Agrippa and New Thought, [394] Á Kempis, [517];
and Marcus Aurelius, [432];
and Epictetus, [432] Á Kempis' Imitation, [431];
other books, [431] Alberti, Leon Battista, [xxxi], [xxxv], [114];
De re aedificatoria, [114];
San Francesco (Rimini), [115] Albertus Magnus, [348], [361] Alcalá, Paranimfo, [125];
University of, [539] Aldus Manutius, [151], [303], [521];
accomplishments, [154];
advice to bores, [155];
editiones principes, [510] Aleander, Jerome, [531] Alessi, [122] Alexander VI, [228] Allegri, Antonio (Correggio), [66] Almagest of Ptolemy, [346] Almshouses at Stratford, [175] Amadis de Gaul, [478] Amerbach, Portrait of Boniface, [78] America,
and Africa, colonized, [272];
discovery of, [xxv];
first book printed in, [286]-[7];
first printing press, [287];
in Columbus' Century, [275] Amerigo Vespucci, [264] Amyot, translation of Plutarch, [471] Anaesthesia, [425] Anathemia, Mondino's, [361] Anatomy,
pathological, [395];
Renaissance and, [361];
Teaching of, in Bologna, [363] Anchyloses, [424] Animuccia, [xxxii], [143];
brothers, [137] Anne of Bretagne, [xxxix], [330] Annotations on Dioscorides Cordus, [337] Antimony, and auto-toxaemia, [392] Antonio Lebrixa, [538] Antonio of Palermo, [510] Antwerp, [110] Apollo and Marsyas, [56] Appendix, vermiform, [362] Apuleius, Golden Ass, [458] Aquinas, [361] Arabic types, [151] Arcadelt, [136] Archiepiscopal Palace Court, [126] Architecture, Michelangelo's, [40] Arcolani, [395] Arculanus, [417] Argelata, [414] Argyropulos, [506], [542] Ariosto,
comparisons, [444];
Italian humor, [445];
Sonnet of, [445] Armor, [113] Arnold, Matthew, [432] Arras, [110] Art, and Savonarola, [57];
after Reformation, [559] Art decadence, [98];
Arthur, King-statue (Innsbrück): [103] Arts,
deeds, and words, [xxvii];
The Book of the, [xxviii] Ascham, Roger, [xxxv], [336] Asepsis, [418] Asse, De, [532] Astrology, [352] Asylums, [169];
founded at Saragossa, Seville, Toledo, Valencia, and Valladolid, [203] Athenaeus, antiquities of, [536] Augsburg, [102] Australia, discovery of, [268] Autobiography of Benvenuto Cellini, [459] Auto-toxaemia always with us, [392]
B
Balboa, [271] Baldung, Hans, [161] Bale, on neglect of books, [556] Ballad, Lorenzo dei Medici, [447] Ballate, [447] Balneotherapy, [402] Bandages, moulded, [423] Bandello, [458] Baptism of Christ (Verrocchio). [27] Baptista dei Malatesti, [316] Barbosa, [538] Barclay, Alexander, [492] Baronius, [182] Basil Valentine, [391] Bath, Wife of, [490] Bayard, [208] Beaufort, Margaret, [335] Beccadelli, [510]
[{568}]
Beckere, Peter, of Brussels, [xxxi] Bedlam, at London, [203] Bedlam, Hogarth's, [204] Bedlamites, [204] Beethoven, [88] Beguines, [178] Behem, Martin, [348] Bellarmine, [216] Bellay, Joachim du, [468], [469] Bellini, Angels Mourning over Christ, [63] Bellini, Presentation of Infant Christ, [63] Bellinis, the, [xxix] Belloc, Hilaire, [191] Belon, Pierre, [379] Bembo, Pietro, [xlii], [298] Benivieni, [395] Benozzo Gozzoli, [xxviii], [55] Benvenuto Cellini, [xxx], [92] Berengar of Carpi, [361], [418] Berenson, [70] Bernardine of Feltre, [180] Bernard van Orley, [74] Bernini, [95] Bessarion, Cardinal, [346], [503];
and Cusanus, [504];
and Purbach, [504];
and Regiomontanus, [504] Bibbiena, [34] Bible, Complutensian Polyglot, [xxxv] Blashfields, Italian Cities, [6] Blaubeuren, Stalls in, [99] Blind Harry, [496] Blondeel, [74] Blood,
circulation of, [371];
transfusion, [415] Boerhaave, [379] Bollandists, [216] Bologna, [xxix];
Papal University of, [368] Bonfigli, [xxix], [55] Book,
appreciation, [146];
bindings old and new, [166];
first American, [287];
Massachusetts Bay Psalm, [287];
making, decadence in, [148];
illustration, [159] Books,
illuminated, [xxxiii];
reform and destruction of, [556];
twelve best, [434] Borgia, Aldus Manutius (Garnett), [303] Borgia, Lucretia, [301];
at Ferrara, [303] Borgias, the, [302] Borgo, the Fire in the, [10] Borgognone, [117] Boscan, [480] Botticelli, [xxviii], [53], [55], [56], [58], [75] Botticelli's Birth of Venus, [58];
illustrations for Dante, [60]:
Madonna of the Magnificat, [59];
Mythology, [59];
Psychology, [58];
Spring, [58];
Tondi, [59] Bourbon, [208] Bourdischon, [80] Bourne, Prof., [277], [286], [287] Bouts, Dirk, [73] Bramante, [xxxi], [117], [196];
Church at Lodi, [116];
Great Court of Hospital (Milan), [195];
Santa Maria delle Grazie, [117] Brancas, surgeons, [418] Brantôme, [xlii] Braunschweig, [411] Bréboeuf, [213] Brethren of The Common Life, [xxxv], [517] Bridgett, Life of Sir Thomas More, [240] Briggs, Prof., [259] Brothers,
Do-Good Little, [202];
of Mercy, [201] Browning, Mrs., [484] Bruges, [110];
tombs at, [98];
town hall at, [127];
sculpture of, [98] Brunelleschi, [xxxi], [349] Brunfels, [376] Bruno, Giordano, [473] Brunschwig, [422] Brussels,
Broodhuis at, [127];
Hôtel de Ville, [127];
Maison du Roi. [137] Budaeus, [505], [532];
absorption in study, [532] Budé, [532] Bugiardini, [10] Burckhardt, [91], [319], [341];
on Leonardo, [31] Burdett, Hospitals and Asylums of the World, [205] Burgkmaier, Hans, [161] Burke, Edmund, [478] Burnett, Bishop, [232] Burnett's Utopia, [233] Burning Bush, [10] Butzbach, Johann, [338]
C
Cabot, John and Sebastian, [265] Cabrol, [417] Caesalpinus, [xxxvii], [372], [379] Caesarean operation, [416] Cagliari, Paolo, [69] Caius, John, [xxxviii], [229], [347], [385], [542] Caius College, [229] Calepinus, [511] Calixtus III, [510] Calvin, [xlii], [246];
and intolerance, [254] and Servetus, [255], [370];
Loyola, Rabelais, fellow students, [533] Calvin's austerity, [253] Cambridge Modern History, [302] Camera del Eliodoro, [10] Camera del Incendio, [10] Camerini of women of Renaissance, [322] Camöens, [xlii], [264];
and Da Gama, [266] sonnet by, [484] Campbell, Lord, Lives of the Lord Chancellors of England, [241] Canani, [362] Cancer, surgery in, [417] Canossa, Counts of, [32] Canova, [96] Cantor, [344] Cape Verde Islands, discovery of, [262] Caprarola, Palace of, [122] Caracci, [xxix] Cardan, Jerome, [403] Carlo Dolci, [66] Carlo Maratta, [xxix] Carnival songs, [448] Carpaccio, [xxix] Cartoons of Raphael, [11] Cartwright, Julia, [340] Castiglione, Baldassare, [4], [298] Catherine, of England, [xxxix];
of Genoa, [xl];
of Sforza, [301] Caviceo, [304] Caxton, William, [151] Caxton's experience, [146] Celestina, [479] [{569}] Cellini, Benvenuto, [92], [206];
alto and basso rilievo, [93];
autobiography, [459];
Christ by, [93];
Perseus and Head of Medusa, [93] Celsus, [507] Celtes, [338], [524] Certosa at Pavia, [xxx];
sculpture, [95] Cervantes, [208];
and books of chivalry, [478] Cespedes, The Last Supper, [83] Chalcondyles, [506] Champ Fleury, [158] Champlain, on Mexico, [288] Chanca, Dr., [284] Chancery,
calendar cleared, [235];
Court of, [234] Charity, decline of, after Reformation, [559] Charlemagne, [313];
Coronation of, [10] Charles V, [xxxiii], [208] Charles, of Orleans, [xlii], [463] Charles the Bold's tomb, [98] Chaucer, [152] Chess, Game & Pleye of, [152] Chevy Chase, [495] Chicheley, [542] Chiericate Palace, [122] Chivalry, Tales of, [478] Christ the Light of the World, [73] Christ, Imitation of, [xli], [430] Christi, De Imitatione, [429] Christina, Princess of Denmark, [340] Church, Dean, [433] Cicero, [522] Ciceronianism, [508] Cinthio, Hecatomithi or Hundred Fables, [458] Circulation of Blood,
Caesalpinus, [369];
Columbus, [366];
Harvey, [368];
Rabelais, [369];
Servetus, [369] Circulation, systemic, [372] Cisneros, [538] Claude Goudimel, [xxxii], [137] Claudio Monteverde, [143] Clément Marot, [xlii] Clocks, [113] Clopton, Sir Hugh, [131]. [173], [175] Clouet, Elizabeth of Austria, [79] Clouets, [80] Club-foot surgery, [421] Clusius, Carolus, [400] Clym of the Clough, [495] Cobbett's History of Reformation, [257] Coimbra, Teachers' College at, [541] Colet, Dean, [xxxv], [229], [235], [543] Colet, Dame, [229] Collects of the English Prayerbook, [500] College de France, [xxxvi], [533] College of Santa Cruz, [279] Colombe, [xxxi], [80], [104] Colombo, Francesco, [159] Colonists, English and Spanish, [276] Colonization, ancient and modern, [272] Columbus,
character, [xxvi];
letter, [283];
lifetime, [xxvii] Columbus, Realdus, [xxxvii], [366] Columella, [508] Common Life, Brethren of, [514] Company of Jesus, [222] Condivi, [41] Conrad, [338] Contagion of tuberculosis, [408] Convents and educated women, [341] Copernicus, [223], [243], [349];
and Reformation, [352] Copperplate engraving, [160] Copyright, lack of, [155] Cordova, [208] Cordus, Valerius, [376] Cornaro, [404] Cornelius à Lapide, [216] Corporation of the Royal Readers, [533] Correggio, [xxix], [53], [66], [75], [92];
and Leonardo, [67];
and Michelangelo, [67] and Raphael, [67] Corsets, surgical, [416] Cortes, [269] Cortez, Martin, [263] Cortigiano and Cellini's autobiography, [461] Courteys,
Jean, [122];
Pierre, [122] Cousin, Jean, [80] Coverdale, [500] Coxcie, Michiel, [74] Cranach, [161] Cranmer, [500] Cretinism and endemic goitre, [387] Culture, Transmission of European, [278] Cusanus, [344], [518];
and Bessarion, [504]:
love of truth, [519]
D
Da Imola, [xxix] Dalberg, Johann von, [525] Dame Quickly, [490] Danès, Pierre, [533] Danesius, [533] Daniel, [212] Dante, [149];
sonnet by Michelangelo, [42] David, Gerard, [74], [97] Da Vinci, [44] (see Leonardo)
Dean Colet, [229] Decadence, political, after Reformation, [562] Deed, The Book of the, [xxxiii] Defectives, Village care for, [203] Delacroix on Titian, [65] Delft, [110] Delirium, [402] Della Croce, [415] Della Porta, [xxxi] Della Robbia, [89] Della Robbias, [xxx] Denifle and Luther, [248] De Quincey, [432] D'Este,
Isabella, [303];
Beatrice, [318] Deventer, [517] De Vigo, [411] Dias, Bartholomew, [263] Dibden, [149] Dickenson, Study of the History of Music, [140] Dictes and Sayings of the Philosophers, [152] Dietetics, popular, [406] Dionysius, the Areopagite, [544] Discoveries and drugs, [400] Diseases,
occupation, [387];
mental, [401] Disputa, [8] Dodsley's Old English Plays, [488] Doge's Palace, [120] Dolet, Etienne, [473] Dominant seventh, [xxxii];
chord of, [143] Donatello, [xxx], [65], [70], [102] [{570}] Donatello's,
Bambino Gesu, [87];
St. Francis, [87];
St. George, [87];
St. John the Baptist, [87] Donizetti, Lucretia Borgia, [304] Dorothea de Juanes, [84] Dosso Dossi, [xxix] Douglas, Gawin, [496] Drake, Sir Francis, [288] Dream of the Knight, Raphael, [4] Drug abuses later, [403] Drugs, American and Oriental, [400] Dunbar, William, [496]; Scotch Chaucer, [497] Dürer, Albert, [xxix], [75], [99], [161]. [378];
Marriage of the Blessed Virgin, [163];
Melancholia, [15];
Nativity, [339];
St. John the Baptist preaching, [100];
wood-engravings, [161];
writings, [77] Dussart, S. J., Father, on Memling, [73]
E
Echegaray on Teresa, [309] Educated women, number of, [320] Educated women's homes, [321] Education, feminine, [xxxix];
phases of feminine education, [313];
physical training and feminine, [317];
feminine, in Spain, [332];
feminine, and Rabelais, [536];
feminine, opportunities for, [320] Edward VI Grammar Schools, [173] Efficiency, Studies in (Leonardo), [26] Eliot's, George, Romola, [185] Elizabeth, [337];
and Isabella, [293] Elizabeth, torture under, [189] Emperor Frederick, [432] Encomium Moriae, [77], [440] Englishmen of the Sixteenth Century, Sidney Lee, [437] English Prayerbook, Collects of the, [500] Engraving,
copper, [162];
wood, [162] Ephemerides Astronomicae, [348] Erasmus, [xxxv], [223], [226], [259], [337], [521], [528];
Colloquia, [440];
on scholasticism, [245];
on copyright, [155];
and More, [226];
Escala Espiritual, La, first American printed book, [287] Estienne the Elder, [157] Euclid, [526] Eustachius, [xxxvii]. [395];
anatomical plates of, [164];
discoveries, [367] Eustachian tube, [367] Evelyn,
[181], [204] Everyman, [485] Exercitia Spiritualia, [429] Experts, medico-legal, [399]
F
Fabrica Humani Corporis, [365] Fabricius of Aquapendente, [421] Fallopius, [366], [415];
discoveries, [367] Farnesina, [6] Farrar, Archdeacon, [434] Fathers of Church and Pagan Culture, [529] Fedele, Cassandra, [327] Felixmarte de Hircania, [478] Female pre-eminence, [394] Ferdinand and Isabella, [xxxiii], [208], [292] Ferrara, [xxix] Ferri, [411] Festus, [507] Ficino, [34], [507], [524] Field, Miss, on St. Teresa, [312] Field of the Cloth of Gold, [xxxiv], [255] Filippino Lippi, [xxviii] Fiorovanti, [417] Fisher, Bishop of Rochester, [237], [521] Florence, Academy at, [507];
and social reforms, [184] Fontenelle, [433] Forli, Virago of, [301] Fortune, making a, [177] Foster, Professor, [372] Fouchet, Jean, [105] Fountain of the Innocents, [xxxi] Fouquet, Jehan, [80], [149];
miniature painting from the Livy MSS., [150] Four Elements, the Interlude of, [489] Four P's, [489], [493] Fra Angelico, [xxviii], [53], [92];
angels of [54]:
Madonnas of, [54];
paintings of, [54] Fra Bartolommeo, [xxviii], [6], [56], [92];
Descent from the Cross, [57];
Lamentation over Christ, [57];
Marriage of St. Catherine, [57];
The Last Judgment, [57];
Savonarola, [58] Fra Gioconda, [131], [159] Fracastorius, [397] Fracture of the skull by contrecoup, [418] Francia, [151] Francis I, [xxxiii], [533];
contempt of the world, [464-5] Frederick of Urbino, [2] Free, John, [542] Froissart translation, [470] Fuchs, [376] Furniture, [113] Fust, [146]
G
Gairdner, [256] Galileo and Copernicus, [350] Gammer Gurton's Needle, [xlii] Gamp, Mrs., [490] Garcilaso de la Vega, [285], [480] Garofalo, [xxix] Garnett, [302] Gaspara Stampa, [327] Gasquet, [502] Gaston de Foix, [208] Gaza, Theodore, [505], [520] Geert de Groote, [514] Geiler of Kaisersberg, [529] Genoa, Heroines of, [300] Gentile da Fabriano, [xxix] George Eliot on Teresa, [308] German People, History of the, [528] Germany,
Preceptor of, [522];
schoolmaster of, [520];
the Humanists of, [527];
three-tongued wonder of, [523]:
united, [519] Gerssdorff, Hans von, [422] Gesner, Conrad, [377], [385] Ghent, town hall of, [127] Ghirlandajo, [34], [55], [56], [xxviii] Giles, Peter, [232], [437] Giorgione, [xxix], [63] Giotto, [65] Giulio Romano, [xxix] Glass-making, [xxxiii] God's promise, [494] [{571}] Goldsmiths sculptors, [xxxii], [341] Gonzaga,
Cecilia, [316];
Elizabeth, [298];
Isabella, [301], [304];
Paola, [341];
women of the house of, [320] Gonzagas, [xxxix] Good Hope, Cape of, [263] Gordon, General Chinese, [432] Goudimel, Claude, [137] Goujon, Jean, [xxxi], [80], [105] Gounod, [140] Gout,
bilious, [399];
melancholy, [399];
Paré on, [399];
pituitary, [399];
sanguine, [399] Gower, [152] Graft, political, [248] Grammar, Spanish specialty, [540] Granada, Cathedral at, [118-9] Greek, first book printed in, [151] Greene, Prof. Edward L., [375] Gregorovius, [302] Grey, Lady Jane, [xl], [336];
Lord, of Grimm, [5];
Life of Michelangelo, [56];
on Correggio, [66];
on Michelangelo, [52] Grisar's Luther, [248] Grocyn, [543] Grolier, [156], [164], [166] Groote, Geert de, [514] Guarino, [542] Guercino, [xxix] Guicciardini, [451] Guido, [xxiii] Guilds,
flourishing, [xxxviii];
insurance, [170];
grammar schools of, [173];
of the Holy Cross at Stratford, [172]:
social work of the, [170];
the children of the, [171] Gunshot wounds, experiments in, [412] Gurlt, History of Surgery, [412] Gutenberg, [146] Guy de Chauliac, [410] Guzman, [537] Gynaecology and obstetrics, [416]
H
Hallam on Reformation, [246] Haller, [377] Hamboys, [136] Hannay, David, [476] Hans Holbein, [162] Hare, Augustus, [460] Harvey, [369] Headlam, Cecil, [102] Health, Board of, at Lucca, [407] Heart surgery, [417] Heathen writers and Christian culture, [529] Hebrew types, [151] Hellenists, new academy of, [510] Helyot, Lea Ordres Monastiques, [198] Hemophilia, [415] Henderson, The Story of Music, [135] Henry VIII, [xxxiii], [246] Henry, the Navigator, [xxxiii], [262] Henryson, Robert, [496] Heptameron, [305], [465] Hernandez, [399] Heynlin von Stein, [529] Heywood, John, [493] Higden, [151] Hildegarde, Abbess, [314] History of the English Reformation, [257] of the Popes, [220];
of wood-engraving, [161] Hogarth's Bedlam, [204] Holbein, [xxix], [77], [162];
and the Iconoclasts, [78];
religious pictures, [78] Hospital, first American, [287];
of St. John at Bruges, [72], [199] Hospitals, [169];
and surgery, [410];
decline after Reformation, [560];
decoration of, [199];
gardens of, [199];
in Spain, [201];
medieval, [192];
modern, [192];
nursing, [198];
of the Innocents, [90];
old-time, [192];
organization of, [197];
private patients in, [197];
Santo Spirito, [196];
Sir Thomas More on, [200-201] Hôtel de Ville of Louvain, [124] Houillier (Holleris), Jacques, [396] Hours, Book of, [148] House of the Red Children, [306] Howard, Earl of Surrey, [497] Hroswitha, the nun dramatist, [314] Hugo von Pfolspeundt, [421] Hugo, Victor, on Lucretia Borgia, [304] Humanists, The,
and antiquity, [528];
and Christianity, [528];
and England, [531];
and France, [531];
The Earlier or Scholastic, [527];
The Intermediate or Rational, [527];
The Later or Protestant, [527];
Throughout all of Western Europe, [531];
Portugal and, [531];
Spain and, [531] Hunt, Bonavia, [138] Hunter, George Leland, on tapestries, [109] Hunter, William, [364] Hutchinson, Ann, [255] Hutten, Ulrich von, [523] Hydrophobia, [402] Hygiene, popular, [406] Hythlodaye, Raphael or Ralph, [438]
I
Ignatius Loyola, [208] (see St. Ignatius)
Ignorantia, De Docta, [345] Illicini, [455] Incunabula, medical, [383] Indian manual training, [286] Indulgences,
Luther and, [249];
Manning and, [249];
Newman and, [249] Ingrassias, [414] Innocents, Hospital of the, [90] Innsbrück, [xxxi], [102] Inquisition in Spain, [295] Insane, Care for,
in Spain, [203];
Brutal suppression of in 1750, [205];
Visiting, as entertainment, [204] Insanity, studies in, [401] Interlude of Virtue, [493] Isaac, Sacrifice of, [10] Isabella of Castile, [xxxix];
administration, [291];
and Elizabeth, [293];
children of, [292];
benevolence of, [295];
Indians and, [293];
Inquisition and, [295];
Letters of, [476];
studies of, [291];
style of, [292];
unhappiness of, [293] Isabella D'Este's apartments, [323] Italian academies, [510];
teachers everywhere, [501] Italy,
best gentlewoman of, [301];
graduate study of, [347], [501];
medical world teaching in, [386]
[{572}]
J
Jaeger, Johann, of Dornheim, [523] Janssen, [244], [528] Jan van Mabuse, [74] Jessop, Rev. Augustus, [174], [256];
Before the Great Pillage, [257] Jesuit,
astronomy, [218];
bibliography, [216];
competition, [214];
constitution, [209] Missions in Brazil, Chile, China, India, Japan, North America,
Mexico, Peru, [211];
relations, [213];
schools, [214];
scientists, [217];
students, [215];
themes, [214] Jesuits,
Bacon and, [215];
bark, [213];
Bancroft and, [213];
Descartes and, [215] Harvey and, [218];
instructors in Europe, [215];
Kepler and, [218];
meteorology and, [220]:
Parkman and, [215];
philology and, [213];
seismology, [220] Jewel boxes, [113] Jodocus Lommius, [396] Jogues, [213] John of Avila, [480] John of Bologna,
Mercury, [94];
Neptune, [94];
Rape of Sabines, [95] John of Dalberg, [520], [524] John II of Portugal, [263] John, Prester, [263] Johnson, Samuel, [432];
on More, [498] Joinville, [470] Joost van Lom, [396] Jörg, Syrlin, [99] Josquin, [xxxii], [135];
Ave Maria, [136] Juan de Borgona, [82] Juan de Juanes, [82] Julius II, Pope, [7];
Tomb of, [37] Juste, Jean, [xxxi], [105] Justinian, Pandects of, [532] Justin Martyr, [533] Justus of Ghent, [4], [74]
K
Kalkar, [164] Kelly, Fitz-Maurice, [479] Kettelwell, Life of Thomas à Kempis, [516] Kildare, [314] King's Highway, [289] King's Quair, [496] Kircher, [218] Kircherian Museum, [219] Kraft, [xxxi];
Adam, [101] Kraus, Professor, [9]
L
Labé, Louise (La Cordière), [331] Ladies of the Olden Time, [462] La Gioconda, [15] La Harpe, [433] Lallemant, [212] Lamartine, [433] Lamennais, [433] Lancisi, [368] Landino, [507] Lang, Mr. Andrew, [385] Langen, Rudolph von, [521], [527] Lapidé. [216] Lascaris' Grammar, [151] Las Casas, [186]; [270];
and Indian abuses, [187] Lasso, princeps musicae, [138] Lassus, [138] Latimer, [543] Latin, universal academic language, [427] Latres of Mons, [137] Laws, pure food, [406] Lazarillo de Tormes, [479] Learning, New, [246];
confusion of, [502] Lecky, [203] Lee, Mr. Sidney, [276], [437] Leland the antiquary, [176] Leonardo da Vinci, [xxx], [1], [5], [55], [67], [75], [92], [102];
and Michelangelo, [36];
as biologist, [355];
as engineer, [21];
as scientist, [353];
botany, [25];
canals, [22];
career, [26]:
dissection, [24];
geology, [23];
inventions, [21], [353];
mechanical toys, [28];
optics, [354];
on war, [30];
philosophy of life, [30];
proposed text-books of anatomy, [364];
studies in efficiency, [26];
study of flying, [28];
weather gauge, [354];
zoölogy, [25] Leonardo's Christ, [17] Leonicenus, Nicholas, [384] Leopardi, [xxx], [92] Leyden pulpit, [98] Liddon, [434] Lille, [110] Lilies, The Valley of, à Kempis, [431] Lily, William, [492], [543] Linacre, [xxxv], [xxxviii], [223], [228], [235];
translations by, [471] L'Indaco, [10] Linnaeus, [378] Lippo Lippi, [xxviii] Literature,
English Dramatic, [485];
Latin, [428];
mystical, [480];
Portuguese, [481] Liver fatalities, [424] Livy,
edition of, in 1543, [80];
illuminations, [80] Lollardism, [256] Longevity, Cornaro on, [404] Lords, House of, before and after Reformation, [563] Lorenzo de' Medici, [xxxv], [xlii], [4], [40];
poetry, [447];
lament for, [448] Lorenzo di Credi, [55] Lorenzo Lotto, [63] Lo Spagna, [xxix] Lotti, Lorenzo, [xxix] Lotto, [7] Louvain university, [225];
town hall of, [124] Low Countries, [307] Lubbock, Sir John, [434] Lübeck, [102] Luca delta Robbia, [89] Lucas van Leyden, [74], [161] Lucca health board, [407] Lucretia Borgia's apartments, [324];
husband's grief, [305] (see Borgia)
Lucretia Tornabuoni de' Medici, [xlii], [317] Lucretius, [507] Luigi da Porto, [455] Luis de Granada, [480] Luis de Morales, [82] Luis de Vargas, [82] Luis de Leon, [480] Luther, [135], [246];
and Denifle, [248];
Grisar, [248];
McGiffert, [251], [252];
indulgences, [249];
on divorce, [251]; [{573}] permits bigamy, [251];
relations to Zwingli, [250]
M.
Mabie, Mr. Hamilton, [515] Macaulay, [220];
on the reformers, [258] MacFarren, Sir George A., [143] Machiavelli, [449]:
Acton on, [451];
drama, [450];
history, [450];
Morley on, [451];
novel, [455];
place in literature, [450];
style of, [450];
"The Prince," [209] Madrigals, [446] Magellan, Ferdinand, [266];
Straits of, [267] Maggi, [412] Magnet in surgery, [416] Magnetism, [390] Maioli et amicorum, [166] Malory, Sir Thomas, [152], [495] Mania, [402] Mantegna, Andrea, [xxix] Manuzio, Paolo, [154] Marcantonio, [162] Marcellus, The Mass of, [139] Margaret of Anjou, [335] Margaret of Angoulême, or Navarre, or Valois, (See Marguerite.)
Marguerita de Juanes, [84] Marguerite of Angoulême, (or Navarre, or Valois), [xxxix];
affection for brother, [305]:
charity, [306];
grief, [306];
Heptameron, [465];
Marguerites de la Marguerite, [466];
religious poetry, [466] Marguerite of Bourgogne, [xxxix] Marot's, Clement, sonnet on happiness, [464] Marquette, [213] Marriage of Witte and Science, [489] Martin of Bohemia, [263] Martinotti, [363] Martyr's De Rebus Oceanicis, et Orbe Novo, [164] Mary of Burgundy's tomb, [98], [307] Mary, Queen of Scots, [xxxix], [331], [336] Masaccio, [xxviii], [65] Massa, [414] Massuccio Salernitano, [454] Masters, Four, of Salerno, [410] Matsys, Quentin, [xxix], [73] Matthews, Brander, [166] Maximilian I, [525] McGiffert on Luther, [252] Medallion, [xxxiii] Medici, Clarice de', [301] Medici, Lorenzo de', (See Lorenzo.)
Medicine and philosophy, [408];
clinical, [382];
incunabula of, [383];
in Mexico, [281] legal, [408];
medieval,
[381];
observation in, [401];
printing and, [383];
Rabelais on, [382];
Renaissance in, [382] Meistersingers, [137] Melancholia, [402];
Dürer, [15] Melancholy as self-will, [311] Melanchthon, [522];
Servetus, [255] Melin de Saint Gelais, [467] Melozzo da Forli, [4], [65] Memling, [xxix], [71], [97], [199] Memmelinc, [72] Memory, importance of, [503] Mercy, Brothers of, [201] Metal-engraving, [162] Method, inductive, [356] Mexico and Medicine, [281] Mexico's palaces, [288] Meyer, History of Chemistry, [389] Michelangelo, [xxviii], [xxx], [xxxi], [xlii], [1], [5], [6];
admiration of, [43];
age of, [51];
and architecture, [40];
and Dante, [41];
and Leonardo, [36];
and Vittoria Colonna, [47];
as architect, painter, poet, sculptor, [52];
dissection and, [44];
early works, [35];
handiness, [44];
last words, [51];
lack of jealousy, [43];
little interest in books, [33];
lonely, [45];
modesty, [44];
on matrimony, [45]-[6]:
personality, [47];
Shakespeare and, [33], [41];
the "divine master," [51] Michelangelo's
David, [36];
Moses, [38];
religion, [49];
St. Peter's (Rome), [116] Middle Ages, contempt for the, [245] Mignonne! Allons voir, [468] Milman, Dean, [434] Modernism, Renaissance, [244] Mona Lisa, [15] Monardes, [400] Monarquia Indiana, [279] Monasteries,
evils of, [557];
suppression of, [557] Montagnana, [395] Montaigne, [533] Montanus, [385], [386] Montefeltro, Battista, [319] Monte, Giovanni de, [386] Monti di Pietà, [180] More, Margaret, [337], [227] More, Sir Thomas, [xxxv], [xlii], [223], [259]. [543];
apology of, [233];
as barrister, [226];
as chancellor, [234];
Confutation of Tindale and, [233]:
daughter of, [238];
Deballation of Salem and Bizance, [233];
Erasmus and, [226];
family life, [226];
household, [227];
humor, [241];
oath of supremacy, [236];
obstinacy, [239];
on hospitals, [200], [545];
on marriage, [225];
on physicians, [545];
precocity, [224] Quoth He and Quoth I, [233];
religious toleration, [545];
sordid successors of, [242];
standing armies and, [545];
Supplication of Souls, [233] wealth display barbaric, [545] Moriae, Encomium, [241] Moroselli, [55] Morris, William, [148] Morte d' Arthur, [152], [495] Morton, Cardinal, [xxxv];
household of, [224] Moses, Michelangelo's, [38] Mouton, Jean, [143] Mummies, [390] Municipalata palace, [122] Muretus, [541] Murmellius, [521] Music, [xxxii];
Columbian, [134];
Doctor of, [136];
polyphonic, [xxxii], [139] Musurus, handwriting of, [153] Muth, Conrad, Mutianus, Rufus, [523], [527]
N.
Nanini brothers, [xxxii], [137] Nature imitates art, [70] Nature study,
in Dante, [361];
medieval, [360];
Renaissance, [360] Nativity,
Dürer, [339];
Plays, [486] [{574}] Navarrete, [82] Navigation, French, [268] Neri, St. Philip, [xxxii] Nervousness, selfishness and, [311] Neuburger, [362] Newman, Cardinal, [181] Newton, [xxvi] New York, Discovery of, [268] Nicholas V, [510];
chapel of, [53] Nicholas of Cusa, [27], [344], [518], [529];
on truth, [519];
on united Germany, [519] Nigramansir, [493] Novelas de Picaros, [479] Novelle, Italian, [454] Nuñez, [540] Nuremberg, [xxxi], [75], [99];
Bronze Founders of, [102];
intellectual center, [347];
Virgin of, [188] Nursing,
Dark Period of, [193];
decline after Reformation, [560];
history of, [179];
uniforms, [200] Nusquama, [233] Nutting and Dock History of Nursing, [179]
O.
Ockeghem, or Ockenheim, [xxxii], [135] Olympia Morata, [327] Opera, [xxxii] Oratorio, [xxxii] Orlando Furioso, [443] Orthopedics, [413];
Spain in, [421] Osler, Prof., [397] Ospedale Maggiore of Milan, [196] Oviedo, [399]
P
Padua, [xxix] Paganism and the New Learning, [529] Palace,
Grimani, [120];
Guadagni, [120];
of Caprarola, [122];
Pitti, [120];
Riccardi, [120];
Rucellai, [120];
Thiene, [121];
Tursi-Doria, [122];
Vendramini, [120] Palestrina, [xxxii], [136] Palilia, [508] Palladio, [xxxi], [120] Palma Vecchio, [xxix], [63] Palmerin de Inglaterra, [478] Pamplona, [206] Papal Physicians,
Caesalpinus, [373];
Columbus, [366];
Eustachius, [367];
Lancisi, [368] Papinian, [536] Paracelsus, [xxxvii], [223], [386];
Father of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, [390];
medical chemistry and, [357];
miracles and, [390];
surgical hints, [419];
wound epidemics and, [420] Paraguay Reductions, [212] Pardoner and the Friar, [489] Paré, [xxxviii];
Father of Modern Surgery, [411];
on gout, [398];
orthopedic armamentarium, [413] Pascal, [432] Passion Plays, [486], [488] Pater, Walter, [15], [58] Pathology,
Aranzi, [395];
Arcolani, [395];
Benivieni, [395];
Berengar, [395];
Eustachius, [395];
Montagnana, [395];
Savonarola, [395];
Vesalius, [395] Paul Preaching to the Athenians, [12] Pausanias, Monuments of, [536] Pavia, Battle of, [xxxiv] Peasant and Prince, [469] Perreal, [80] Perugino, [xxix], [5], [7]. [53], [55] Peruzzi, [7], [10], [17] Petau, or Petavius, [216] Peter of Pieve, [55] Pfolspeundt, Heinrich von, [383];
advice to young surgeons, [423] Phillimore, Prof, J. S., [498] Phrenitis, [402] Physicians, Royal College of, [229];
More's praise of, [408] Phytography, Cordus, [376] Picaresque novels, [479] Piccolomini, AEneas Sylvius, (See Pius II.)
Pico della Mirandola, [xlii], [9], [34], [223], [230], [507], [511], [524].
Pierluigi of Palestrina, [142] Piero dei Franceschi, [65] Piero della Francesca, [4], [55] Pietà of Michelangelo, [36] Pillage, Before the Great, [174] Pilon, Germain, [xxxi], [105] Pincianus, [539] Pinel, [203] Pinturicchio, [xxix], [503] Pirkheimer, Charitas, or Charity, [330], [525];
Conrad Celtes, [338];
friend of scholars, [338] Pirkheimer, Wilibald, [338]:
Academy of Mainz, [524];
friend of Dürer, [77];
numismatics, mathematics, science, [526] Pius II, [xxxv], [502], [543] Pizarro, [270] Placques, [112] Plant Iconography, [376] Plantin, Christopher, [464] Platina, [508] Plato, [8], [516], [526], [530] Platonic love, [48] Plays,
Mystery and Miracle in England, [485];
in Italy, [445];
on the continent, [487];
Morality, [xlii];
Nativity, [486];
Passion, [488] Pledges, unredeemed, [180] Pleiades, [xlii], [468] Pliny, [535];
the Elder, [378] Plumptre, Dean, [434] Plutarch, [526], [536];
morals of, [536] Poetry,
Latin, [428];
of passion, [467] Poggendorff, [219] Poliphilo, Dream of, [159] Politian, [34], [327], [507];
Orfeo of, [445] Pollaiuolo, [xxxii] Polychronicon, [151] Polyglot, Complutensian, [539] Pomponius Laetus, [508], [524] Ponce, Maitre, [105] Pontano, [510] Portugal, scholarship in, [541] Porretane, [454] Portuguese, Sonnets from, [484] Pott's Disease, [414] Predestination, [254] Prescott, [293];
on Ferdinand and Isabella, [333];
on the Inquisition, [295];
Isabella and Elizabeth contrasted, [293] Prieur, Barthélemy, [105] Prince, The, [449];
and Peasant, [469] Printing, medical, [383] [{575}] Prohibitionist, early, [407] Propertius, [507] Ptolemy, [526];
Almagest of, [346] Puerbach, or Purbachius, [345];
and Bessarion, [504] Purgatory, Treatise on, [299] Puritan intolerance, [255] Puschmann, History of Medical Education, [362] Pyaemia, [420]
Q
Queen Elizabeth (see Elizabeth)
Quentin Matsys, [97] Quintilian, [507] Quoth He and Quoth I, [233]
R
Rabelais, [xlii];
and feminine education, [536];
and medicine, [382];
circulation of blood and, [369];
misunderstood, [472];
place in literature, [474];
Renaissance and, [475];
tolerance of time, [473] Radewyns, Florence, [515] Ralph Royster Doyster, [xlii], [494] Ranke, [220];
on Guicciardini, [452] Raphael, [1], [67], [75], [92], [107];
as archaeologist, [14];
as art director, [14] Rapiarium, [517] Rea, Hope, [88] Recreation before Reformation, [565] Reductions of Paraguay, [212] Reformation, [243];
and academic freedom, [555];
and art, [554];
and education, [554];
and decadence, [554];
and internationalism, [566];
and House of Lords, [563];
and political descent, [564];
and popular happiness, [565];
and progress, [553];
and sectarianism, [566];
Andrew Lang on, [258];
Copernicus and, [352];
Frederic Harrison on, [258];
Macaulay on, [258];
ruins art, [558];
ruins scholarship, [555] Regiomontanus, [28], [223];
and Bessarion, [504] Reisch, [529] Rembrandt, [15] Renaissance, [xxvii];
Italian, [xxxi];
ladies of the, [290];
Science in, [343];
The Later, [476] Repplier, Miss Agnes, "Our Loss of Nerve," [312] Reuchlin, [xxxv], [523], [528];
Cabalistic Books of, [393] Reuisch, [7] Revolt, Religious, in Germany, [243] Revolution, French Reactionary, [191] Rhodes, Cecil, and Cortes, [269];
and Pizarro, [269];
and Vasco da Gama, [269] Ribalta, [xxix] Ricci, Father, [211] Ricordi, [452] Robbia, Andrea della, Bambine of, [90] Robbia, Luca della, [89] Robusti, Jacopo, [68] Roman antiquities, [14] Rome, Ancient, Raphael's reconstruction, [14] Rome, Social Work at, [182] Romeo and Juliet, [454] Roses, Little Garden of, [431] Roses, Wars of the, [223] Rossetti, William, [93] Ronsard, [468] Rudolph von Langen, [520] Ruellius, [379] Rugs, Oriental, [107] Ruskin, [xxvii];
on Noble grotesque, [60];
Stones of Venice, [60] Russell of Killowen, [432]
S
Sachs, Hans, [136] Sacristy of San Lorenzo, [40] Sahagun, [278] St. Ambrose, [522] St. Augustine, [522];
De Civitate Dei, [437] St. Bernardine of Siena, [180] St. Brigid, [314] St. Catherine, of Genoa, [181], [298];
Treatise on Purgatory, [299] St. Chrysostom, [522] St. Francis de Sales, [432] St. Francis Xavier, [210] St. George and St. Michael, [4] St. Gregory Nazienzen, [529] St. Ignatius Loyola, [182], [439];
Spiritual Exercises of, [xli], [439] St. Jerome, [522] St. Philip Neri, [137], [142];
the Apostle of Rome, [181] St. Teresa, [307], [340], [476]. (Sec also Teresa.)
St. Sebald, shrine, [101] Saint-Amand, Imbert, [464] Sainte-Beuve, [464] Saintsbury, [xl], [443] Salvers, [112] Sanchez, Minerva, [540] Sandys, [280], [524], [527], [532], [540] Sangallo, [xxxi], [117] San Michele, [xxxi], [120] Sannazaro, [510] Sansovino, [xxxi], [102] Santa Croce Cathedral, [xxxi] Santi Raphael, [2] Sarto, Andrea del, [xxviii] Sassoferato, [xxix] Satire of Religious Abuses, [455] Savadino, degli Arienti, [454] Savonarola, [56], [183], [185];
and art, [57];
Benedict XIV, [185];
Pius VII, [185];
Raphael, [185];
the reformer, [184];
vindication of, [185] Scala, Alessandra, [327] Scaliger, [505]. [537] Scent boxes, [113] Schoeffer, [146] Schaeuffelin, Hans, [161] Schenck von Graffenberg, [396] Schwarzerd (Melanchthon), [522] Scholarship, [xxix];
and wealth, [468];
place of, [xxxv];
decadence in, [95];
Teutonic, [513] Scholarship in Italy, decadence of, [512] Scholasticism, Erasmus and contempt, [245] Schongauer, Martin, [162] School of Athens, [8] Schubert, [140] Science,
in Renaissance, [343];
Jesuits and, [217];
Progress of, [xxxvii] Sciences, Biological, [360] Scripture, knowledge of, [488] [{576}] Sculpture, Certosa, [95];
decadence in, [95] Sebastiano Luciani, [63] Secchi, S. J.. Father, [218] Selling, William, [543] Seneca, [516], [522] Servetus, [369];
and Calvin, [255] Seutonius, [522] Shakespeare and Michelangelo, [33] Sidney, Sir Philip, [481] Signorelli, [10], [56];
and Melozzo, [65] Simon de Collines, [157];
Book of Hours, [160] Sistine Chapel, [8];
tapestries in, [11] Social Work and Workers, [169] Societas Literarum Danubiana, [524] Societas Literarum Vistuliana, [524] Socrates, [8], [516] Sodalitas Literarum Rhenana, [524] Sodoma, [7] Sophocles, [533] Sorel, Agnes, tomb of, [105] Spain,
and care for insane, [203];
architecture, [118];
Feminine education, [333];
in America, [278];
scholarship, [537] Spanish America, [277];
Literature, Golden age of, [484] Spiritual Life in shorthand,
[440] Spirituality and common sense, [312] Splenectomy, [417] Springinklee, Hans, [161] Squarcione, [xxix] Staley, Edgcumbe, [300] Stanley, Dean, [514];
the explorer, [432] Statius, [507] Staupitz, John von, [260] Stefano, Vanneo, [xxxii] Strachey, Henry, [8] Stratford, Chapel of Guild and Alms-houses at, [172], [176] Stratford-on-Avon, [131], [176] Suarez, [216] Superstition, Post-reformation, [561] Supper, Last, Leonardo's, [16] Supremacy oath, More and, [236] Surgeons, learned, [425] Surgery,
and anatomy, [526];
cosmetics in, [418];
experience in, [425];
hospitals and, [410] Sweating sickness, [383] Sylvaticus, [383] Sylvius, Matthaeus, [365], [383] Symonds, J. Addington, [41], [446]
T
Taft, President, on Philippines, [273] "Tag Day," [178] Taine, History of English Literature, [177], [353] Tales of Chivalry, [479];
of Roguery, [479] Tapestries,
Sistine, [11];
art and, [107];
Cluny, [111];
Golden age of, [109];
Morgan, [110];
Rheims and, [109];
Their Origin, History and Renaissance, [109] Tapestry, French and Flemish manufacture of, [110] Telegraph, sympathetic, [356] Telesio, Bernardino, [356] Terence, [522] Teresa de Cepeda y Ahumada, (St. Teresa), [307] Teresa, St., Crashaw on, [477];
"Doctor of Church," [308];
humor of, [310];
hymn, [477] (see St. Teresa)
Teresa,
mater spiritualium, [308];
mystic, [310];
power of, [310]:
style of, [309];
writings, [477] (see St. Teresa)
Terra Cottas, [89] Theater, Picture of, [491] Theophrastus Dioscorides, [378] Theodoric, [410] Thiene Palace, [121] Thompson, Francis, [207];
Life of St. Ignatius, by, [221] Three Graces of the Tribune of Chantilly, [5] Tibullus, [508] Tilly, Arthur, on Rabelais, [474] Tindale, Confutation of, [233] Tintoretto, [xxix], [53];
Bacchus and Ariadne, [68] Tiptoft, Earl of Worcester, [542] Titian, [xxix], [53], [75]:
Assumption by, [63];
Bacchanals of, [64];
Bacchus and Ariadne, [64];
Entombment of Christ, [63];
Presentation of Blessed Virgin, [63] Tolerance of Rabelais' time, [473] Torquemada, Juan de, [279] Torture, date of, [188];
post-reformation, [561];
under Tudors, [189] Tory, Geoffrey, [149], [156];
Book of Hours, [157];
King's printer, [158] Toscanelli, [28], [348] Tournai, [110] Tournefort, [377] Tours, [xxxi] Toussain, Jacques, [533] Tracheotomy tube, [416] Tragus, [376] Tramps, [171] Translations, Classic, [499] Trebizond, [505] Tregaskis, [149] Trithemius, [525], [527], [529];
and Christian scholarship, [529] Trivulzio, Domitilla, [327] Troye, Recuyell, of the Historyes of, [152] Truth, Love of, Cusanus, [519] Turnebus, [533] Tursi-Doria Palace, [122] Tyndale, [500] Types,
Arabian, [151];
Anglo-Saxon, [151];
Greek, [151];
Hebrew, [151];
Irish, [151];
Italian, [151];
Russian, [151];
Syrian, [151]
U
Udall, Nicholas, [494] Ulm, Choir stalls of, [99] University
of Lima, [279];
of Mexico, [279] University, Papal charters, [281] Ursula, Shrine of St., [73] Ursulines,
Charlestown fire, [329];
foundation of, [329];
in America, [329];
New Orleans in 1726, [329] Utopia, [xli], [232], [436];
and Plato's Republic, [439];
Astrology, [551];
Author's home, [553];
books in, [552];
division of day in, [552];
forest conservation, [551];
life of pleasure in, [551];
illustrations in, [162];
More's, [429];
Religious toleration in, [546];
standing armies in, [547]
[{577}]
V
Valentine, Basil, [357];
works, [392] Valles, Francisco, [396] Valves in veins, [361] Van Eyck, brothers, [xxix], [71], [97] Vanneo, Stefano, [xxxii] Vannucci, Pietro, [55] Van der Weyden, Roger, [71], [97] Varro, [508], [533] Vasari, [xlii], [17], [87], [89], [107], [453];
Herodotus of art, [453] Vasco da Gama, [263] Veit Stoss, [99] Velasquez, [15] Vendramini Palace, [120] Venturino, Francesco, [33] Vergara, [540] Vernacular, [246] Vernazza, Battistina, [300] Verona, Isotta of, [327] Veronese, [xxix], [53];
Marriage at Cana, [69] Veronica de Gambara, [327] Verrazano, [268] Verrocchio, [xxx], [55], [90];
Colleoni, [21] Vesalius, [xxxvii], [25];
Father of anatomy; [164], [365] Vespucci, Amerigo, [264] Vidus Vidius, [416] Viel, Gabriel, [529] Vignola, [122] Vigo, John de, [414] Villa of Pope Julius, [122] Villehardouin, [470] Villon, [xxxvi], [462] Virago of Forli, [301] Virgil, study of, [315];
birthplace of, [315] Virgins, youthful, [36] Vischer family, [xxxi], [101], [104] Vischer, Peter, [101] Visualization, artistic, [70] Vittoria Colonna, [xxxix];
and Michelangelo, [47];
character, [297];
letter on honesty, [296];
writings, [297] Vittorino da Feltre, [314] Vivarinis, [xxix] Vives, [540]
W
Warham, Archbishop; [xxxv], [521] War, the climax of animal frenzy, (Leonardo), [30] Wars of the Roses, [223] Wasmann, S. J., Father, [219] Wealth and scholarship, [468] Wesley, John, [190], [259] West, The Call of the, [276] Weyden, Roger van der, [xxix], [97] Weyer (Wierius), Johann, [396], [416] Wickersheimer, [405] William of Salicet, [410] Wimpheling, [520], [527], [529] Windesheim, [515] Wine, abuse of, [407] Winternach, [402] Witchcraft, [190] Wolff, Caspar, [417] Wolseley, General, [432] Wolsey, Cardinal, [234] Women,
and Renaissance gardens, [322];
chances of education for, [326];
wrongs of, [332] Women's apartments, [322] Woodberry, [161] Wood-carving,
Bruges, [98];
German, [99] Wood-engraving, [161] Woodville, Elizabeth, [335] Worms, Diet of, [xxxiv] Wyatt, Sir Thomas, [497] Wynken de Worde, [151] Würtz, Felix, [411], [417]
X
Xenophon, German, [526] Ximenes, Cardinal, [xxxv], [438]
Z
Zwingli, [250]