| Disease of the Lungs. | Disease of the Bowels. | Disease of the Brain. | Disease of the Eyes. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | 20 | 12 | 1 | 10 |
| February | 25 | 8 | ... | 9 |
| March | 23 | 11 | 1 | 7 |
| April | 19 | 10 | 6 | 10 |
| May | 13 | 3 | 3 | 9 |
| June | 14 | 16 | 1 | 13 |
| July | 13 | 13 | 3 | 19 |
| August | 11 | 23 | 3 | 17 |
| September | 11 | 5 | 10 | 19 |
| October | 24 | 3 | 3 | 9 |
| November | 19 | 10 | 3 | 9 |
| December | 16 | 9 | 1 | 4 |
| Totals | 208 | 123 | 35 | 135 |
In this table the extraordinary prevalence of lung diseases in spring and autumn is very noticeable. There only remains to notice the number of deaths occurring in the same regiment from pulmonary and other diseases.
| Deaths from pulmonary disease | 77 |
| Deaths from other diseases (Glanders and Farcy and accidents excepted) | 57 |
It is thus seen that though individually less dangerous than many affections of the abdomen, brain, etc., yet by reason of their greater frequency chest diseases induce the greatest mortality among this class of stock.
In treating of the diseases of this class of organs they will be sub-divided according as they affect the nose, the throat, the neck, and the chest.
DISEASES OF THE NOSE.
EPISTAXIS. BLEEDING FROM THE NOSE.
Epistaxis as a primary and secondary affection. Causes—mechanical, over-exertion, blood pressure, new formations, diseased mucosa, disease of the nasal venous plexus, disease of heart or lungs, in blood diseases, in hæmorrhagic constitution, in bacteridian diseases of the respiratory organs. Symptoms. Often one nostril, blood bright, red, clotted, sneezing, (not retching, acid, nor cough). Treatment. Mechanical, astringent, cold, plugging in solipedes and other animals: hæmostatics.
As a primary affection this occurs more frequently in the horse than in any other domestic animal, though as a symptomatic disease it is common in all farm animals.
Causes. The most common causes are mechanical injury of the Schneiderian membrane, violent congestion of this membrane during extraordinary excitement or exertions, as in coughing, in a closely contested race, in a trying hunt, in drawing heavy loads, especially if uphill and with a tight collar. It may coincide with congestion of the brain acting to some extent as a vicarious discharge, or with the formation of new structures as polypus, or cancer, in which, from the looseness and friability of their texture, the vessels readily give way. The softened membrane is equally liable to laceration or rupture during the progress of inflammation and particularly when fibrinous (croupous) exudations are being detached. In all these cases animals of a strong, vigorous constitution and with a full or plethoric habit are most liable to be attacked. Various congestions of the mucosa in diseases of the heart or lungs are additional causes. Disease or injury of the cervical branch of the sympathetic nerve, and varicosity of the pituitary venous plexus must be accepted as occasional causes.