In anæmic cases the kidneys are pale, flaccid and colorless, with a reddish liquid in the pelvis and bladder. The vascular system is comparatively empty, and the blood, thin, and watery, and often coagulates loosely or not at all. As noted by Herland globules are greatly reduced in numbers and size, and often crenated or partially broken down. Slight serous effusions in the serous membranes are common. The liver is softened and enlarged, the lacteals have reddish contents, and the ingesta are dark colored.
Treatment. Preventive. Avoid hæmaturia pastures and the fodder grown on such lands. Drain and cultivate such soils. When animals must feed on the products of such soils supplement the food by grain, oil cake, cotton seed meal, etc. Avoid stagnant waters draining from such soils.
Therapeutic Treatment. Give oleaginous or saline laxative to clear out poisons and ferments from the bowels and may add an antiferment (salol, salicylic acid, carbolic acid, turpentine oil, chlorate of potash, sulphites or hyposulphites), no matter if diarrhœa is present. Follow with tonics (copperas, chloride of iron) and stimulant antiseptics (ol. terebinth, potass. chlorate), and sound food. Flax seed, linseed meal, farinas. Bitters may be added (gentian, quinine, quassia). As a calmative, camphor (2 to 4 drs.) 2 or 3 times a day has proved useful.
In case of nephritis treat as for that affection.
Weiner lauds empyreumatic oil and oil of turpentine with camphor.
In chronic cases, nourishing food with change of locality and water are very important.
A course of iron tonics should wind up the treatment.
ACUTE CONGESTION OF THE KIDNEYS IN SOLIPEDS.
Definition. Causes: bacteria, toxins, irritant diuretics, musty oats or fodder, foul water, cantharides, turpentine, aqueous grasses, onions, moulting, cold, chills, injuries to loins, over-driving. Lesions: kidney enlarged, red, black, softened, capsule loose, cut surface drops blood, brown, softened necrosed areas, gorged capillaries of glomeruli and convoluted tubes, granular or fatty changes in epithelium, may be ruptures. Symptoms: sudden; weak tender loins, slow dragging straddling gait, accelerated pulse and breathing, anxious countenance, colics, sweating, urine from limpid to black, with red globules, and casts. Prompt recovery or nephritis. Diagnosis: from nephritis, hæmoglobinuria, laminitis, indigestion. Prevention: Treatment: bleeding, laxatives, diffusible stimulant diuretics, bromides, diluents, mucilaginous agents, fomentations, sinapisms, rectal injections, clothing, friction to the skin, restricted laxative diet.
Definition. Active congestion of the renal capillaries, especially of those of the glomeruli and convoluted tubes, with colicy pains, and free discharge of urine, in some cases bloodstained.