Vaso-motor and Trophic Centres are found in the inferior horns of gray matter, and their degeneration causes progressive muscular atrophy.
The Muscular Sense Tract is located near the surface of the superior columns, so that a certain amount of incoördination and unsteadiness of progression follows its destruction.
The Deeper Part of the Superior Columns and the Column of Goll which bounds the superior median fissure control muscular sense and coördination, and their disease (posterior lateral sclerosis) entails locomotor ataxy.
TABLE SHOWING PROMINENT PHENOMENA FROM LESIONS OF THE CORD.
| Lesions in | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Cervical Region. | Dorsal Region. | Lumbar Region. | |
| Paralysis in | Neck muscles; diaphragm; trunk; limbs. | Dorsal, abdominal and intercostal muscles. Paraplegia. | Paraplegia. |
| Sensation | Local hyperæsthesia in fore limbs. Anæsthesia in rest of limbs and trunk. | Hyperæsthesia in lower part of abdominal wall. | Hyperæsthesia in zone around loins; anæsthesia in hind limbs. |
| Atrophy | Rare in neck; common in fore legs. | Slight in muscles behind lesion. | In hind limbs. |
| Electric reaction | Lessened in atrophied muscles. | Lessened in dorsal and abdominal muscles: slightly in wasted leg. | Lessened in atrophied muscles; in ratio. |
| Bladder | Retention or intermittent incontinence reflex, or (later) from overflow. Cystitis common. | Same as cervical. | Incontinence from palsy of sphincter. |
| Bowels | Involuntary evacuation (reflex spasm) or constipation. | Same as cervical. | Paralysis of sphincter with incontinence; costiveness. |
| Superficial reflex | Temporary loss; then rapid increase. | Same as cervical. | Lost. |
| Deep reflex | Temporary loss; then slow increase. | Same as cervical. | Lost. |
| Priapism | Often present. | Often present. | Absent. |
HALLUCINATIONS.
Subjective cerebral impressions projected as real. Rabies. Toxins. Poisons. Essential oils. Chloroform.
Hallucinations are subjective impressions which the animal supposes to be real. The disorders in his brain are projected outward and become to him real objects and occurrences.
They may arise from the presence and proliferation of microbes in the brain as in rabies in animals. They may proceed from poisoning of the brain by toxins as in anthrax.
They may be developed, in dogs especially, by the action of certain essential oils on the cerebral cortex. The first two classes will be considered with those special diseases. The mental disorders from drugs have been studied experimentally by Cadeac and Mennier, and may be noticed in this place.