TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE [INTRODUCTION] 1-16 The Study of Medical History—The General Renaissance—The Anatomical Renaissance. [ANATOMY IN ANCIENT TIMES] 17-28 Anatomy in Egypt and in Greece—Hippocrates and the Asclepiadae—Alcmaeon, Empedocles and Aristotle—Early Roman Medicine—The Alexandrian University—Herophilus and Erasistratus—Claudius Galenus—The School of Salernum—Frederick II. [MONDINO, THE RESTORER OF ANATOMY] 29-36 Life of Mondino—He restores the Study of Practical Anatomy—His Book on Anatomy. [MONDINO’S SUCCESSORS] 37-51 Gabriel de Zerbi—John Peyligk—Magnus Hundt—Laurentius Phryesen—Alexander Achillinus—Berengario da Carpi—John Dryander—Charles Estienne. [VESALIUS’S EARLY LIFE] 52-55 Origin of the Vesalius Family—Early Life of the Anatomist—Vesalius enters the University of Louvain. [SOJOURN IN PARIS] 56-69 Vesalius goes to Paris to study Medicine—Celebrated Parisian Physicians of the Sixteenth Century—Jacobus Sylvius—Joannes Guinterius—Jean Fernel—Philosophy of Pierre de la Rameé—State of Anatomy at this Period. [VESALIUS RETURNS TO LOUVAIN] 70-72 Vesalius returns to Louvain—He conducts a Course in Anatomy—Secures a Skeleton. [PROFESSOR OF ANATOMY IN PADUA] 73-80 Vesalius goes to Venice, thence to Padua—Receives the Degree of Doctor of Medicine—He is appointed Professor of Anatomy—His method of Teaching—Lectures also in Bologna. [FIRST CONTRIBUTION TO ANATOMY] 81-83 Vesalius issues a Series of Anatomical Plates under the title “Tabulae Anatomicae”—His Plates are extensively pirated. [PUBLICATION OF THE FABRICA] 84-94 The Manuscript and Illustrations for the Fabrica are transported to Basel—Joannes Oporinus, the noted Printer and Greek Scholar—Publication of the Fabrica—Beauty of the Illustrations—Who was the unnamed Artist?—The Plates were erroneously ascribed to Titian—Christoforo Coriolano—Jan Stephan van Calcar—Popularity of the Illustrations among Artists and Anatomists. [PUBLICATION OF THE EPITOME] 95-97 Publication of the Epitome—Reasons for its Publication—Character of the Work. [CONTENTS OF THE FABRICA] 99-113 General Plan of the Book—A brief Review of its Contents—The First Book, on Osteology—Vesalius’s Contributions to the Anatomy of the Bones—The Second Book, on Ligaments and Muscles—Excellence of this Part of the “Fabrica”—The Third Book, on the Veins and Arteries—The Fourth Book, on the Nerves—The Fifth Book, on the Organs of Nutrition—The Sixth Book, on the Heart—Vesalius’s Idea of the Circulation—Quotation from his Book—The Seventh Book, on the Brain and the Organs of Sense—Conclusion. [CONTEMPORARY ANATOMISTS] 114-125 The publication of the Fabrica is followed by great activity among Anatomists—Bartholomeus Eustachius—Realdus Columbus—Gabriel Fallopius—John Philip Ingrassias. [COMMENTATORS AND PLAGIARISTS] 126-129 Plagiarism in Medicine—William Cowper and Bidloo’s Plates—Pirated editions of the “Tabulae Anatomicae”—Thomas Geminus’s editions of the “Fabrica”—The Microcosmographia of Helkiah Crooke—John Banister’s Book—Juan Valverde di Hamusco’s work on Anatomy—Best editions of the “Fabrica”. [THE COURT PHYSICIAN] 130-132 Vesalius is appointed Archiatrus to Charles the Fifth—He follows the Emperor in his Journeys—Abdication of Charles—Vesalius is appointed Archiatrus to Philip the Second. [PILGRIMAGE AND DEATH] 133-136 Vesalius leaves Madrid—He visits Venice, then goes to Cyprus, and passes on to Jerusalem—Reason for the Pilgrimage—Death of Vesalius.
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
[Andreas Vesalius—from the “Epitome”, 1543] Frontispiece PAGE [Andreas Vesalius—van Kalker p.; I. Troijen s.—from an old copperplate engraving] XVIII. [Initial Letter—from the “Fabrica”, 1543] 16 [Hippocrates] 17 [Aristotle] 19 [Alexander the Great] 20 [Ptolemy Soter] 21 [Galen] 24 [Mondino’s Diagram of the Heart] 31 [Anatomical Demonstration in 1493] 33 [Title-page of Mondino’s Anatomy by Melerstat] 34 [Colophon of the Anatomy of Mondino] 36 [Anatomical Plate by Ricardus Hela, 1493] 38 [Peyligk’s Diagram of the Heart, 1499] 39 [Anatomical Figure from Magnus Hundt, 1501] 40 [Anatomical Figure from Laurentius Phryesen, 1518] 41 [Alexander Achillinus] 42 [Dissection by Berengario, 1535] 43 [Skeleton by Berengario, 1523] 44 [Muscles by Berengario, 1521] 45 [Muscles by Berengario, 1521] 46 [Dryander] 47 [Anatomical Figure by Estienne, 1545] 48 [Skeleton by Estienne, 1545] 49 [Skull by Dryander, 1541] 51 [The Old University of Louvain] 54 [Sylvius] 57 [Winter of Andernach] 62 [Jean Fernel] 64 [Ramus] 66 [Vivisection of a Pig—from the “Fabrica”, 1543] 69 [Instruments used in Dissection—from the “Fabrica”, 1543] 74 [Initial Letter—from the “Fabrica”, 1543] 80 [View of the City of Basel in the Sixteenth Century] 83 [Joannes Oporinus] 85 [Mark of Oporinus—from the “Fabrica”, 1543] 86 [Jan Stephan van Calcar—from Sandrart’s “Teutsche Academie”, 1685] 88 [Second Vesalian Plate of the Muscles—from the “Fabrica”, 1543] 90 [Ninth Vesalian Plate of the Muscles—from the “Fabrica”, 1543] 92 [A Human Skull resting on the Skull of a Dog—from the “Fabrica”, 1543] 94 [Title-page of Vesalius’s “Epitome”, 1543] 96 [Skeleton by Vesalius—from the “Fabrica”, 1543] 98 [Fifth Vesalian Plate of the Muscles—from the “Fabrica”, 1543] 100 [Deep Muscles of the Back by Vesalius—from the “Fabrica”, 1543] 102 [Part of the First Text-page of the “Fabrica”, 1543] 103 [Plate of the Arterial Tree by Vesalius—from the “Fabrica”, 1543] 104 [Dissection of the Abdomen by Vesalius—from the “Fabrica”, 1543] 106 [Dissection of the Heart by Vesalius—from the “Fabrica”, 1543] 107 [Initial Letter—from the “Fabrica”, 1543] 113 [Brain and Nerves by Eustachius] 116 [Muscles by Eustachius] 117 [Title-page of Columbus’s Anatomy] 120 [Gabriel Fallopius] 122 [Ingrassias] 125 [Charles the Fifth] 131 [Philip the Second] 133
I. van Kalker p. I. Troÿen s.
ANDREAS VESALIUS
(From an old copperplate engraving)
