[23] The estimates vary from 630 to 650, but these do not make full allowance for all the windings of the river.

[24] We are indebted for many of those details to M. Tocilesco, whose beautifully illustrated work, Dacia, &c. (Bucarest: Tipografia Academiei Romane, 1880), contains a vast amount of information concerning Dacian and other antiquities.

[25] Chiefly Greek and Turkish.

[26] The correspondence, which extends from June 23 to September 5, 1880, and is chiefly telegraphic, was published in the supplement to the Indépendance Roumaine, Bucarest, December 6 [18], 1881.

[27] After this despatch follows one from M. Bratiano, the Roumanian Secretary of State, finding fault with M. Calargi for his unfriendly tone towards Austria, and here is his edifying reply on that point. 'Let me satisfy you (vous rassurer) as to the consequences that might arise from the handing in of this document. Written on paper without any mark, deprived of every official or individual character, bearing no signature, this historical résumé of the phases through which the question has passed cannot compromise anyone.' This is one of the men who make history, and to whom the lives and interests of the million are confided!

[28] The middle pavement is composed of a very hard kind of brick called 'basalt,' which is very solid and durable.

[29] The national costume is worn by Indies of high position in the country, and on state occasions, but not as ordinary citizens' dress; see the Queen's portrait, Chap. XV.

[30] It may be mentioned for the reader's guidance that French or German will serve him almost anywhere in Roumania.

[31] Engravings of most of the objects here referred to will be found in M. Tocilesco's book, which, through his kindness, the writer has been enabled to deposit in the British Museum Library.

[32] See p. [202]. A high tower attached to it is said to have been built by the soldiers of Charles XII. of Sweden.