[62] Nothing shows the importance of the agricultural interest in Roumania so effectively as an analysis of the occupations of the people. This is thoroughly trustworthy, as it is computed from the number of taxpayers, and the following is a table condensed from the data supplied to us by the authorities at Bucarest:—
| Agriculturists | 684,168 | heads of families |
| Artisans and labourers | 83,061 | |
| Traders | 30,117 | |
| Officials (fonctionnaires) | 22,811 | |
| Professors and teachers | 6,066 | |
| Medical and legal professions and druggists | 995 | |
| Artists (meaning probably persons engaged in the arts) | 2,156 | |
| Priests, monks, and religieuses | 18,452 | |
| Various | 125,815 | |
| Of the total heads of families | 973,941, | seventy per cent. |
| therefore are agriculturists. |
[63] Statistica din Romania, Ministeriu de Interne, Bucuresci, 1881 (State Printing Office); and Gotha Almanack, 1882. It may be interesting to compare the outlay in Roumania with that of Great Britain. Last year our State expenditure was 2,683,958l. against about 110,000l. in Roumania, for primary instruction only. (See Statistica, pp. 13 and 22: the amount in lei or francs is 3,650,698.) The population of the United Kingdom is about seven times that of Roumania, and the average attendance of children in 1880 was 3,155,534. This gives about 17s. per head for State aid, without reference to school rates, which brings the total cost for each child in Great Britain to 2l. 2s. In Roumania it is 1l. 8s. as above.
[64] Œuvres complètes, vol. vi.
[65] Pp. 103 et seq.
[66] We heard similar complaints in Transylvania.
[67] It may be interesting to philologists to consider the derivations of the English names of these common things, and compare them with the Roumanian; the preponderance of the Anglo-Saxon element in the one and the Latin in the other is very apparent.
[68] Das Magyarische im Romänischen, Roesler, Appendix, p. 346. We have been compelled to translate Roesler's German into English for the significations, and the sense may thus have been changed or lost; he is therefore not responsible for such errors. The words marked with an asterisk are the most striking for our purpose, and they are in constant use in Roumania.
[69] A. de Gerando, Siebenbürgen und seine Bewohner, p. 213. Lorck, Leipsig, 1845.
[70] Most of the works on Roumania deal with the question. Ozanne (cap. xi.) has a few remarks on the subject; Wilkinson (appendix iv. p. 201) gives along list of words derived from Latin, Italian, modern Greek, and Turkish roots, but the Roumanian words are since changed; Vaillant, Obedenare, Neigebaur, Henke, Pic, Roesler, all treat the subject more or less fully. The chief authorities in Roumanian are Hasdeu, Ubicini, and Lauriani.