Article 55. The respective Ministers of State shall give their advice to the Emperor, and be responsible for it.
(2) All Laws, Imperial Ordinances, and Imperial Rescripts of whatever kind, that relate to the affairs of the state, require the countersignature of a Minister of State.
Article 56. The Privy Councillors shall, in accordance with the provisions for the organization of the Privy Council, deliberate upon important matters of State when they have been consulted by the Emperor.
CHAPTER V. THE JUDICATURE
Article 57. The Judicature shall be exercised by the Courts
of Law according to law, in the name of the Emperor.
(2) The organization of the Courts of Law shall be
determined by law.
Article 58. The judges shall be appointed from among those,
who possess proper qualifications according to law.
(2) No judge shall be deprived of his position, unless by
way of criminal sentence or disciplinary punishment.
(3) Rules for disciplinary punishment shall be determined by
law.
Article 59. Trials and judgments of a Court shall be conducted publicly. When, however, there exists any fear, that such publicity may be prejudicial to peace and order, or to the maintenance of public morality, the public trial may be suspended by provisions of law or by the decision of the Court of Law.