LESSON VIII. ÚLOHA VIII.
Declension of the masculine nouns inanimate ending in a hard consonant.
Type,—Vzor strom—tree.
| nom. | strom, | stromy, |
| Obj. | strom, | stromy, |
| Poss. | stromu, | stromů, stromův, |
| Dat. | stromu, | stromům, |
| Loc. | stromě, stromu, | stromech, stromích, |
| Inst. | stromem, | stromy, |
| Voc. | strome! | stromy! |
Remarks on this declension: A.) In the singular the nominative and the objective is formed simple by the stem, the possessive, dative and locative take the ending -u,—In the plural the nom., object., instr. and voc. take the ending -y
B) e in ending -ek (diminutive ending) loses e in oblique cases, stromek, stromky, little tree.
C) ě in the loc. sing. softens the hard cons. in the same way. Ex. Tábor, camp, v táboře, in the camp; sud, barrel, v sudě, in the barrel. But since no sound ě comes after s, l, z, words ending in these consonants add simple e in place of ě. (General rule in Bohemian). Les, forest, v lese, kostel, church, v kostele.
Irregular verbs.
| First person. | Infinitive. | Past participle. |
|---|---|---|
| Jsem, I am, | býti, to be, | byl, was, |
| mám, I have, | míti, to have, | měl, had, |
| jdu, I go, | jíti, to go, | šel, gone, went, |
| čtu, I read, | čísti, to read, | četl, read, |
| vidím, I see, | viděti, to see, | viděl, seen, saw, |
| slyším, I hear, | slyšeti, to hear, | slyšel, heard. |