Declension of neuter nouns ending in -o.
Vzor, type. Město, city.
| Singular | Plural | |
|---|---|---|
| Nom. and Vocative | město | města |
| Obj. | město | města |
| Poss. | města | měst |
| Dat. | městu | městům |
| Loc. | městě, městu | městech |
| Instr. | městem | městy. |
The possessive plural is the simple stem like ryb in feminine declension. The “movable e” is here also introduced for the sake of euphony where the stem ends in two or three consonants. Okno, window, oken, jablko apple, jablek.
Final ě, follows the usual rules; a) it changes into e after s, l, z, ve skle, in the glass.
b) it softens the hard consonants (r into ř, h into z, ch into š, k into c). Ex.: mléko, milk, v mléce.
Locative plural also ends in -ích instead of -ech; ve slovích, ve slovech.
IDIOMS. Many idiomatic expressions are formed with the verb míti to have. Míti hlad, to be hungry. Mám hlad, I am hungry. Míti žízeň, to be thirsty. Máte žízeň? Are you thirsty? Míti rád někoho, neb něco, to like. Mám rád bratra. I like my brother. The Adverb rád (gladly) expresses the English to like. Já rád čtu knihy. I like to read books. (We read books gladly.) My rádi pracujeme. We like to work. (We work gladly.) Ty rád čteš. You like to read. Hodina (hodiny) hour. Kolik how many? (how much?). Kolik jest hodin? What time is it? Jsou dvě hodiny. It is two o’clock. Jest šest hodin. It is six o’clock. (Numerals higher than four are followed by the possessive pl.)