In the judgment of this writer, who has known Chautauqua almost from the beginning, and has taken part in fifty similar gatherings, the reasons for its supremacy are easily seen and stated. It was established by two men of vision, one of whom was also a practical man of business, and both men of high ideals which they never lowered and from which they and their successors have never swerved. In its plans from first to last, there was a unique blending of religion, education, and recreation. No one of these three elements has been permitted to override the two others, and neither of them has been sacrificed to win popularity, although on the other side, popular features have been sought for within just limits. Never has the aim of Chautauqua been to make money; it has had no dividends and no stockholders. It has opened avenues and leased lots to hundreds of people, but it has not sought financial gain. Neither of its Founders nor any of their associates have been enriched by it, for all profits—when there have been any—have been expended upon improvements or enlargement of plans. It has shown the progressive spirit, while firm in its principles, open to new ideas, willing to listen to both sides of every question. It has sought to attract and to benefit all classes in the community, not setting the poor against the rich, nor the rich against the poor, giving a welcome to scholars of every view and to churches of every doctrine. It has maintained a continuous, consistent administration, fortunate in finding able and broad-minded men to carry forward the conceptions of its founders. Few changes have been made in its management and these have been without a revolution or a renunciation of principles. Men at the head have changed, but not the policy of the institution. It has remained unshaken in its loyalty to the Christian religion and penetrated through and through with the Christian spirit, without flying the flag or wearing the badge of any one denomination of Christians. These have been the principles that placed Chautauqua at the front in its beginning and have kept it at the front through forty-eight years.
APPENDIX
DISTINGUISHED PREACHERS AT CHAUTAUQUA
| Dr. Lyman Abbott |
| Dr. Charles P. Aked |
| Rev. Hugh Black |
| Bishop C. H. Brent |
| Bishop F. S. Bristol |
| Bishop Phillips Brooks |
| Dean Charles R. Brown |
| Prof. Sylvester Burnham |
| Bishop William Burt |
| Dr. S. Parkes Cadman |
| Rev. Francis E. Clark |
| Rev. R. H. Conwell |
| Bishop R. Cleveland Cox |
| Rev. T. L. Cuyler |
| Dr. E. W. Donald |
| Dr. Daniel Dorchester |
| Rev. Samuel A. Eliot |
| Bishop Samuel Fallows |
| Pres. W. H. P. Faunce |
| Dr. Harry Emerson Fosdick |
| Bishop Cyrus W. Foss |
| Bishop Charles H. Fowler |
| Dr. James A. Francis |
| Dr. Washington Gladden |
| Bishop D. A. Goodsell |
| Dr. George A. Gordon |
| Dr. F. W. Gunsaulus |
| Dr. John Hall |
| Dr. N. D. Hillis |
| Dr. P. S. Henson |
| Dean George Hodges |
| Bishop E. E. Hoss |
| Rev. Lynn Hough |
| Bishop Edwin H. Hughes |
| Dr. Charles E. Jefferson |
| Bishop A. W. Leonard |
| Dr. R. S. MacArthur |
| Dr. A. Mackenzie |
| Pres. W. D. Mackenzie |
| Bishop F. J. McConnell |
| Bishop W. F. McDowell |
| Dr. W. P. Merrill |
| Bishop C. B. Mitchell |
| Chaplain W. H. Milburn |
| Dr. Philip S. Moxom |
| Bishop W. F. Oldham |
| Bishop J. T. Peck |
| Bishop H. C. Potter |
| Rev. G. A. Johnston Ross |
| Bishop Matthew Simpson |
| Dr. T. DeWitt Talmage |
| Bishop Boyd Vincent |
| Bishop John H. Vincent |
| Bishop W. D. Walker |
| Bishop H. W. Warren |
| Bishop Herbert Welch |
| Dr. H. L. Willett |
| Bishop C. D. Williams |
| Dr. C. F. Wishart |
| Dr. Cornelius Woelfkin |
| Rabbi Louis Wolsey |
COLLEGE PRESIDENTS AND OTHER EDUCATORS
| Prof. Herbert B. Adams |
| Pres. E. B. Andrews |
| Pres. J. B. Angell |
| Prof. H. T. Bailey |
| Pres. J. H. Barrows |
| Prof. B. P. Bowne |
| Prof. H. H. Boyesen |
| Prof. P. H. Boynton |
| Pres. E. B. Bryan |
| Pres. N. M. Butler |
| Com. E. E. Brown |
| Pres. J. H. Carlisle |
| Com. P. P. Claxton |
| Prof. A. S. Cook |
| Pres. W. H. Crawford |
| Prof. M. L. D'Ooge |
| Prof. A. S. Draper |
| Pres. C. W. Eliot |
| Prof. R. T. Ely |
| Pres. John Finley |
| Prof. Alcee Fortier |
| Pres. W. G. Frost |
| Pres. C. C. Hall |
| Pres. G. Stanley Hall |
| Pres. W. R. Harper |
| Dr. W. T. Harris |
| Prof. A. B. Hart |
| Mr. Walter L. Hervey |
| Prof. Mark Hopkins |
| Mr. James L. Hughes |
| Prof. William James |
| Pres. D. S. Jordan |
| Pres. Henry C. King |
| Prof. C. F. Lavell |
| Pres. H. N. MacCracken |
| Dean Shailer Mathews |
| Pres. J. E. McFadyen |
| Pres. Edward Olson |
| Mrs. Alice F. Palmer |
| Prof. George M. Palmer |
| Col. Francis W. Parker |
| Prof. F. G. Peabody |
| Pres. A. V. V. Raymond |
| Pres. B. P. Raymond |
| Pres. Rush Rhees |
| Pres. J. G. Schurman |
| Pres. Julius H. Seelye |
| Prof. Thomas D. Seymour |
| Prof. Morse Stephens |
| Pres. E. E. Sparks |
| Pres. C. F. Thwing |
| Prof. Moses C. Tyler |
| Dr. Herman Von Holst |
| Pres. Booker T. Washington |
| Prof. L. A. Weigle |
| Pres. B. I. Wheeler |
| Pres. C. D. Wright |
AUTHORS AND EDITORS
| Dr. Lyman Abbott |
| Mrs. G. R. Alden (Pansy) |
| Mr. Norman Angell |
| Mr. John K. Bangs |
| Prof. Earl Barnes |
| Rabbi H. Berkowitz |
| Mr. John G. Brooks |
| Dr. J. M. Buckley |
| Mr. Richard Burton |
| Mr. Geo. W. Cable |
| Mr. Ralph Connor |
| Mr. G. Willis Cooke |
| Rev. S. McChord Crothers |
| Dr. W. J. Dawson |
| Prof. Henry Drummond |
| Dr. A. E. Dunning |
| Mr. John Fiske |
| Mr. John Fox |
| Mr. Hamlin Garland |
| Mr. H. A. Gibbons |
| Rabbi R. J. H. Gottheil |
| Mr. John T. Graves |
| Rabbi Moses Gries |
| Mr. Edward H. Griggs |
| Dr. Edward E. Hale |
| Mr. Norman Hapgood |
| Col. T. W. Higginson |
| Dr. R. S. Holmes |
| Mr. Hamilton W. Mabie |
| Mr. S. S. McClure |
| Mr. Donald G. Mitchell |
| Dr. R. G. Moulton |
| Mr. Thomas Nelson Page |
| Rear Admiral Peary |
| Prof. Bliss Perry |
| Miss Agnes Repplier |
| Mr. E. J. Ridgway |
| Mr. J. Whitcomb Riley |
| Mr. E. Thompson Seton |
| Mr. Elliott F. Shepard |
| Prof. E. E. Slosson |
| Judge A. W. Tourgee |
| Dr. Leon H. Vincent |
| Gen. Lew Wallace |
| Dr. Wm. Hayes Ward |
| Mr. Henry Watterson |
| Mrs. Kate D. Wiggin |
| Prof. C. T. Winchester |