Antiquities of the Mesa Verde National Park: Cliff Palace

by Jesse Walter Fewkes

Sir: I have the honor to submit the accompanying manuscript, entitled "Antiquities of the Mesa Verde National Park: Cliff Palace," by Dr. Jesse Walter Fewkes, with the recommendation that it be published, subject to your approval, as Bulletin 51 of this Bureau.

Yours, very respectfully,

F. W. Hodge,
Ethnologist in Charge.

Dr. Charles D. Walcott,
Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution,
Washington, D. C.

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CONTENTS

	Page
Introduction	[9]
Cliff Palace a type of prehistoric culture	[11]
Recent history	[13]
Site of Cliff Palace	[20]
Prehistoric trails to Cliff Palace	[23]
General features	[23]
Destruction by the elements	[23]
Vandalism	[24]
Repair of walls	[25]
Major antiquities	[25]
General plan of Cliff Palace	[26]
Terraces and retaining walls	[27]
Tower quarter	[27]
Plaza quarter	[28]
Old quarter	[28]
Northern quarter	[28]
Masonry	[29]
Adobe bricks	[30]
Plastering	[31]
Paintings and rock markings	[32]
Refuse heaps	[33]
Secular rooms	[33]
Doors and windows	[34]
Floors and roofs	[35]
Fireplaces	[36]
Living rooms	[36]
Milling rooms	[37]
Granaries	[38]
Crematories	[38]
Ledge rooms	[40]
Enumeration of the rooms in Cliff Palace	[40]
Secular rooms	[40]
Kivas	[48]
Kivas of the first type	[49]
Kiva A	[51]
Kiva B	[52]
Kiva C	[53]
Kiva D	[53]
Kiva E	[53]
Kiva F	[54]
Kiva G	[54]
Kiva H	[55]
Kiva I	[55]
Kiva J	[56]
Kiva K	[57]
Kiva L	[57]
Kiva N	[57]
Kiva P	[58]
Kiva Q	[58]
Kiva S	[59]
Kiva T	[59]
Kiva U	[60]
Kiva V	[60]
A subtype of kivas (Kiva M)	[61]
Kivas of the second type	[62]
Kiva O	[63]
Kiva R	[63]
Kiva W	[63]
Minor antiquities	[64]
Stone implements	[65]
Pounding stones	[66]
Grinding stones	[66]
Miscellaneous stones	[66]
Pottery	[67]
Relations as determined by pottery	[70]
Symbols on pottery	[71]
Pottery rests	[72]
Basketry	[72]
Sandals	[72]
Wooden objects	[73]
Drills	[74]
Bone implements	[74]
Turquoise ear pendants and other objects	[75]
Seeds	[75]
Textiles	[76]
Human burials	[77]
Conclusions	[78]

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