Antiquities of the Mesa Verde National Park

by Jesse Walter Fewkes

CONTENTS

	Page
Site of the ruin	[1]
Recent history	[2]
General features	[7]
Major antiquities	[8]
Plazas and courts	[8]
Construction of walls	[9]
Secular rooms	[10]
Balconies	[15]
Fireplaces	[16]
Doors and windows	[16]
Floors and roofs	[17]
Kivas	[17]
Kiva A	[20]
Kiva B	[21]
Kivas C and D	[21]
Kiva E	[22]
Kiva F	[22]
Kiva G	[23]
Kiva H	[23]
Circular rooms other than kivas	[23]
Ceremonial room other than kiva	[24]
Mortuary room	[24]
Small ledge-houses	[24]
Stairways	[25]
Refuse-heaps	[25]
Minor antiquities	[25]
Pottery	[28]
Forms	[29]
Structure	[30]
Decoration	[32]
Ceramic areas	[34]
Hopi area	[35]
Little Colorado area	[36]
Mesa Verde area	[37]
Stone implements	[38]
Axes	[38]
Grinding stones	[40]
Pounding stones	[41]
Cylinder of polished hematite	[41]
Basketry	[42]
Wooden objects	[42]
Sticks tied together	[42]
Slabs	[43]
Spindles	[43]
Planting-sticks	[44]
Miscellaneous objects	[44]
Fabrics	[44]
Bone implements	[48]
Fetish	[49]
Lignite gorget	[49]
Corn, beans, and squash seeds	[50]
Hoop-and-pole game	[50]
Leather and skin objects	[51]
Absence of objects showing European culture	[51]
Pictographs	[51]
Conclusions	[53]
Index	[55]

ILLUSTRATIONS

Plate	[1. Ground-plan of Spruce-tree House.]
	[2. The ruin, from the northwest and the west.]
	[3. Plaza D.]
	[4. The ruin, from the south end.]
	[5. The ruin, from the south.]
	[6. Rooms 11-24.]
	[7. The ruin, from the north end.]
	[8. North end of the ruin, showing masonry pillar.]
	[9. A roof and a street.]
	[10. The ruin from the south end, showing rooms and plaza.]
	[11. Kiva D.]
	[12. Kiva D, from the north.]
	[13. Interiors of two kivas.]
	[14. Central part of ruin, and kiva.]
	[15. Diagrams of kiva, showing construction.]
	[16. Decorated food-bowls.]
	[17. Decorated food-bowls.]
	[18. Decorated food-bowls.]
	[19. Decorated vase and mugs.]
	[20. Decorated bowl and canteen.]
	[21. Stone implements.]
		Page
Figure	1. Lid of jar	[29]
	2. Repaired pottery	[29]
	3. Handle with attached cord	[30]
	4. Ladle	[30]
	5. Handle of mug	[30]
	6. Fragment of pottery	[32]
	7. Zigzag ornament	[32]
	8. Sinistral and dextral stepped figures	[32]
	9. Triangle ornament	[32]
	10. Meander	[33]
	11. Stone axes	[39]
	12. Stone ax with handle	[40]
	13. Stone pigment-grinder	[41]
	14. Fragment of basket	[42]
	15. Sticks tied together	[42]
	16. Wooden slab	[43]
	17. Spindle and whorl	[43]
	18. Ceremonial sticks	[44]
	19. Primitive fire-stick	[44]
	20. Wooden needle	[44]
	21. Belt	[44]
	22. Headband	[45]
	23. End of headband	[45]
	24. Head ring	[45]
	25. Yucca-fiber cloth with attached feathers	[46]
	26. Woven cord	[46]
	27. Agave fiber tied in loops	[47]
	28. Woven moccasin	[47]
	29. Fragment of sandal	[47]
	30. Hair-brush	[47]
	31. Bone implements	[48]
	32. Dirk and cedar-bark sheath	[48]
	33. Bone implement	[49]
	34. Bone scraper	[49]
	35. Bone scraper	[49]
	36. Hoop used in hoop-and-pole game	[50]
	37. Portion of leather moccasin	[51]

ANTIQUITIES OF THE MESA VERDE NATIONAL PARK

SPRUCE-TREE HOUSE

By Jesse Walter Fewkes