1791. Gregory Alexander Potempkin, a Russian statesman, died. He was descended from a Polish family, was the favorite of Catharine, and her minister of war.
1805. Battle of Ulm; the French under Bonaparte captured the bridge and the Austrian position of Elchingen.
1806. Battle of Jena, or Auerstadt, in Saxony, between the French under Bonaparte and the Prussians under king Frederick William. The Prussian line extended 18 miles, and numbered 150,000 strong; the total number of men engaged on both sides was over 250,000, and the number of cannon employed over 700. The Prussians were defeated with the loss of 20,000 killed and wounded, and 40,000 taken prisoners; together with 300 cannon, and immense magazines of stores. The French admitted a loss of only 1,200 killed and 3,000 wounded.
1813. Bonaparte arrived at Leipsic, in Germany, having in the course of four days assembled there an army whose numbers are variously stated at from 150 to 400,000 men, with 600 cannon, and commanded by the ablest generals of the age.
1831. Louis Pons, an eminent Italian astronomer, died at Florence.
1836. James Wild, an English geographer, died; distinguished for his numerous maps and charts.
1841. Heyer embarked at Boston for India, as the first missionary of the Lutheran church in the United States. He established a mission at Guntoor.
1842. Grand celebration in New York of the completion of the Croton water works; more than 15,000 persons joined in the procession.
1843. A check was put on the progress of Irish agitation by the arrest of Daniel O'Connell and his son on a charge of conspiracy and other misdemeanors.
1845. William Pridgen died, in Bladen county, N. C., aged 123. He was a volunteer in the revolutionary army, although even then exempt from service by his age.