1852. The punishment of death re-established in Tuscany, for treason, crimes against religion, murder, and robbery with violence.
1852. A treaty was ratified between the courts of Vienna and Rome, stipulating that the latter should support in the territories of the pope, 12,000 infantry and 1400 cavalry, for whom $18,000 per month was to be paid by the papal government.
1852. Gideon Algernon Mantell, an eminent English geologist, died in London, aged 62.
1853. Thomas M. Nelson, an officer in the war of 1812, died at Columbus, Ga., aged 71.
1853. Maria, queen of Portugal, died in childbed. She was buried on the 19th with great solemnity, and demonstrations of public regret.
NOVEMBER 11.
397. St. Martin, the apostle of Gaul, died. He was a soldier, converted to Christianity, and made bishop of Tours. The festival of Martinmas was instituted in honor of him, in the year 560.
619. St. John (the Almoner) died. He was a native of Cyprus, raised to the see of Alexandria.
1100. Nuptials of Henry I of England (Beauclerk) and Maud, the fair daughter of Malcolm, king of Scots, and niece of Edgar Atheling, "of the right kingly kin of England."