1794. Battle of Tournay and defeat of the French by the British and Austrians under the duke of York.
1794. Elizabeth of France, sister of Louis XVI, guillotined.
1796. Battle of Lodi, in which Bonaparte gained an important victory over the Austrians, under the veteran general Beaulieu. The long narrow bridge which led to the city, was defended by 30 pieces of cannon. The French generals put themselves at the head of 3000 grenadiers, and in the face of a murderous fire crossed the bridge over the dead bodies of their comrades, who were mowed down by hundreds, and took possession of the Austrian batteries. The loss was about 3,000 men on each side. This was one of the most striking military achievements of Bonaparte. It was on this occasion that he received the title of the little corporal.
1796. The Babeuf conspiracy was discovered by the council of 500 in Paris. Babeuf and Darthe, the principal leaders were secured and executed, which completely crushed the Jacobin power.
1809. The Swedish diet renounced all allegiance to Gustavus IV, and deprived him and his heirs of the crown.
1811. French evacuated Almeida, after destroying everything, and the next day they abandoned Portugal entirely.
1824. John Guthrie, the celebrated Edinburgh bookseller of the firm of Guthrie & Jait, died. Like Benjamin Franklin he wheeled home his own purchases.
1831. John Trumbull, an American poet, died. He was for many years judge of a court in Connecticut, and is known as the author of the popular poem, McFingal.
1831. Battle of Terlepe; 20,000 Albanians under the pasha of Scodra defeated by the Turks under the grand vizier.
1837. All the banks in the city of New York without exception, and by common consent, stop specie payments. The banks throughout the Union adopted the same course.