1792. Kosciusko at the head of 5,000 Poles, gave battle to the Russians, 14,000 in number, and was defeated with the loss of 1,100.
1792. John Paul Jones died in Paris. He was distinguished as a seaman. Yet though both in the United States and Russian service, he died in neglected poverty.
1794. The French under Moreau took Nieuwpoort, in Belgium; 300 emigrant prisoners taken were shot.
1802. Dumaresq, a British admiral, died, aged 73. He boasted that he had never employed a physician or a lawyer.
1806. Sale of the Leverian museum concluded. It was pronounced by those who had visited the most celebrated museums of Europe to be superior to any of them. The sale occupied 65 days. It was founded by sir Ashton Lever.
1806. The strong fortress of Gaeta surrendered to the armies of France, after a desperate resistance.
1814. Akim Nicholaevitch Makhimov, a Russian poet, died. His poem called the Speaking Monkeys, composed in derision of Napoleon's attempt to take Moscow, is much admired.
1817. Jane Austen, an English authoress, died. Her writings were principally novels, which have lately been republished.
1820. The first chain bridge in England thrown over the Tweed, captain Brown architect. The river 437 feet wide.
1835. William Cobbett, a powerful and original English writer, died. He was editor of the Register more than thirty years, during which time he made himself sufficiently conspicuous as a violent and somewhat fickle politician. He was an extraordinary man, and the oracle of a multitude of his countrymen.