1798. Battle of the Pyramids in Egypt. Murad with 22 other beys were defeated by the French under Bonaparte, with the loss of 40 cannon, 40 camels, and their whole baggage and provisions. Cairo surrendered to the king of fire, as the Mamelukes termed the combative Corsican, and the whole of Lower Egypt submitted to his arms.
1814. The inquisition reestablished in Spain by Ferdinand. It had been suspended during the reign of Bonaparte.
1815. Harriet Ackland died in England, aged 66. Her husband was wounded and taken prisoner at Saratoga in 1777, and the interest felt for her on the occasion, and the hardships and dangers she encountered have made her the subject of history.
1827. Archibald Constable, if not the most fortunate by far the most eminent publisher that ever adorned the Scottish capital, died. He directed the printing and publishing of the Edinburgh Review, &c.
1831. Leopold, king of Belgium, made his entry into Brussels, and took the oath of the constitution.
1832. The sultan of Turkey gave his assent to the extension of the Greek frontier, as required by the London conference, from the gulf of Arta to that of Volo, and recognized the independence of the Greek states.
1838. John Maelzel, an ingenious German mechanist, died. He visited many countries of Europe and America with Kempelin's automaton chess-player, which he improved by giving it the powers of speech. He also invented several automata of surprising powers, which are familiar throughout the country.
1848. The cities of Dublin and Waterford proclaimed by the lord lieutenant of Ireland to be under the coercion act.
1849. Elizabeth Dodd died at Stephens, New Brunswick, aged 111.
1849. Ebenezer Mack, long and favorably known as a distinguished printer and the conductor of the largest book establishment in western New York, died at Ithaca.