1813. George Shaw died; an eminent English naturalist and writer on zoology, and principal keeper of natural history in the British museum.
1823. William Bertram, a distinguished American botanist died, aged 82. His father was the first American who conceived and carried into effect the design of a botanical garden, for the cultivation of American plants as well as exotics.
1826. Joseph Piazzi, a celebrated astronomer, died at Palermo. He made a new catalogue of the stars, consisting of 7,646, and in 1801 discovered an eighth planet, which he named Ceres Ferdinandia. He is the author of several scientific works.
1832. Francis Charles Joseph Bonaparte, duke of Reichstadt, died, aged 21. He was the only son of Napoleon Bonaparte and Maria Louisa; is said to have possessed distinguished talents, united with great kindness of disposition, and early gave indications that his ruling passion was military ambition.
1833. William Thompson died at Hickory hill, Baltimore county, Md., aged 112.
1836. Armand Carrel, a French republican, killed in a duel. He was principal editor of the Nationel of Paris. A monument by David is over his grave.
1839. Ghuznee, one of the strongest places in Asia, defended by a garrison of 3,500 Afghans, under a son of the ex-king of Cabul, was taken by the British under general Keane; 500 of the garrison being killed and the rest taken. British loss about 200.
1850. Sarah Margaret Fuller d'Ossoli, a distinguished American authoress, with her husband and child, perished near Fire island, on their homeward passage to New York.
1852. Excelmans, a noted French general, died at Paris, aged 77. He first gained distinction under Oudinot, in 1799; commanded a part of the cavalry at Waterloo, and was raised to the dignity of marshal of France.
1854. A new planet was discovered by the astronomer Hind, from the observatory at Regents park, London.