1812. The United States troops under general Hull evacuated Canada and entered Detroit.
1814. First meeting of the British and American commissioners at Ghent, to treat for peace.
1816. The meetings of freemasons and other secret societies prohibited by the king of Naples under penalty of banishment, fine and imprisonment.
1827. George Canning, an eminent English statesman, died. He was of humble origin, but rose to the premiership by his great talents, and sustained himself against a powerful opposition.
1828. Frederic Bouterwek, a German litterateur, died; author of Geschichte der neueren Poesie und Beredsamkeit, containing separate critical histories of the belles-lettres of Italy, Spain, Portugal, France, England and Germany, from the revival of letters to the close of the 18th century, 12 vols.
1836. Frederick Carl Ludwig Sickler died at Heldburghausen; an eminent archæologist, and author of various learned works on archæology, antiquities and philology.
1838. The Chilian squadron of 32 vessels landed 5000 men at Ancon, and demanded two millions of dollars, which not being granted, they advanced and took Callao and Lima, after an action in which 2000 were killed. Gomarra was proclaimed president, and Orbegozo fled to the mountains. (See [July 26].)
1840. Charles Ottfried Muller, of Gottingen, died at Athens, from an illness brought on by fatigue and exposure in copying inscriptions, and making excavations at Delphi. The object of his investigation was connected with a great work on which he was engaged, upon the general history of Greece. He was buried on the summit of a little hill above the academy. ([July 31].)
1851. Samuel Emerson, an eminent physician, died at Kennebunk, Me., aged 87.
1853. A strike at Stockport, England, for an advance of ten per cent in wages, ceased, 20,000 workmen resumed their labors, having accomplished their object.