479 B. C. The battle of Platæa is also placed on the same day, in which 300,000 Persians under Mardonius were defeated by 100,000 Greeks under Pausanius and Aristides. The loss of the Greeks was inconsiderable; but of the Persians Mardonius was slain and scarcely one-tenth of his army escaped by flight. (See [Aug. 3].)
19 B. C. Publius Maro Virgilius, the most excellent of all the ancient Roman poets, died.
622. Flight of Mahomet; an imposing event, which took place, it is ascertained with certainty, sixty-eight days after the commencement of the great Arabian era, July 16th.
1193. Henry IV, of Germany, and his captive, Richard the Lion, addressed letters from Spires to the primates and magnates of England, notifying the severe terms of ransom "agreed" upon between them.
1298. Battle of Stirlingbridge, between the Scots under Wallace and the English under Warrenne; the latter defeated and obliged to retire into England.
1415. Henry V took Harfleur, in France, reducing it to an English colony.
1536. William Tyndale, one of the first publishers of the Bible in English, was burnt at the stake at Antwerp.
1554. The duke of Northumberland with Sir John Gates and Sir Thomas Palmer executed.
1559. Robert Stephens, the celebrated and learned Parisian printer, died, aged 56.
1604. Ostend, a seaport in Flanders, surrendered to the Spanish under general Spinola, after a close siege of upwards of three years. The Spanish are supposed to have lost 80,000 men during this siege; and not less than 50,000 English and Dutch perished in the town during that time.