critic, and yet his learning scarcely produced him a living.
1814. The pope issued a bull prohibiting all secret societies, particularly those of freemasons.
1815. John Singleton Copley, a distinguished American painter, died in London.
1815. First daily paper printed at Albany, N. Y.
1839. Treaty between France and Texas signed at Paris.
1840. Marshal McDonald, one of Bonaparte's distinguished generals, died at his chateau near Guise, in France. He was a kinsman of the celebrated Flora McDonald who was instrumental in aiding the escape of the pretender from the Isle of Skye.
1842. Richard Colley Wellesly, marquis of Wellesly, and eldest son of the earl of Mornington, died, aged 82.
1854. William Henry Partlett, an English artist, died at sea, aged 44; author of Views in Switzerland, and other similar works of merit.
1855. John Gifford, a British admiral, died at Southampton, aged 90. He had been in the service more than 75 years, was present at the relief of Gibraltar in 1781, and distinguished himself in many important engagements.