[174] Report on the Tobacco Industry, II, 27.
[175] Cf. Van Hise, op. cit., pp. 140, 149, 153, 159.
[176] Final Report of the Industrial Commission, pp. 660-662.
[177] Report on the Petroleum Industry, I, 328-332.
[178] Cf. Lehmkuhl, "Theologia Moralis," I, No. 974.
[179] It may be of interest to recall the mediæval attitude toward monopolistic exactions, as summarily stated by St. Antoninus, who was archbishop of Florence in the first half of the fifteenth century: "When monopolist merchants agree together to preserve a fixed price, so as to secure an unlimited profit, they are guilty of sinful trading." He maintained that they should not sell above the market price, and should be prevented from so doing by law. See his "Summa Theologica," III, 8, 3, iv, and II, 1, 16, ii. Present day moral theologians lay down the same doctrine, and in addition condemn the characteristic monopolistic methods as unjust. See Tanquerey, "De Justitia," nos. 776, 777; Lehmkuhl, "Theologia Moralis," vol. I, no. 1119.
[180] Clark, "The Problem of Monopoly," p. 35.
[181] Final Report, p. 361.
[182] Report on the Petroleum Industry, pp. 22, 23.
[183] "Papers and Proceedings," pp. 158-194.