Ornithorhynchus. A singular animal, found in New Holland, called also the water-mole.

Orthocera. A straight-chambered shell of the Silurian formation.

Osseous. Bony: Osseous breccia is a conglomerate made up of bones cemented together by lime, and mixed with earthy matter.

Osteolepis (bone-scale). A fish of the Old red sandstone.

Osteological. Relating to bones.

Outcrop. The line at which a stratum first shows itself at the surface in inclined deposits.

Oviparous. Egg-laying animals.

Pachydermata. A group of animals so called from the thickness of their skin. The elephant and pig are well known examples.

Palæoniscus. A fossil fish of the Magnesian limestone of England.