Echinodermata. Having a skin like a hedgehog.

Efflorescence. The term used to describe the falling to powder of certain minerals on exposure.

Embouchure. The mouth of a great river.

Enaliosauria, Plesiosaurus and Pliosaurus. Marine Saurians, as the Ichthyosaurus.

Encrinite. Stone lily.

Endogenous. Plants that increase from within, as lilies, grasses, and among trees, palms.

Entomostracea. One of Cuvier’s sections of Crustaceans.

Eocene. The name given by Sir C. Lyell to the lowest and oldest division of the Tertiary series of rocks.

Equisetum. A plant, fossil and recent.

Escarpment. The steep face of a mountain chain or a ridge of high land.