| SOUTH CAROLINA. | South Kar-o-lī´na. "Palmetto State." |
Named in honor of Charles II. of England, by whom the province was created in 1663. One of the thirteen original States. First permanent settlement made by English at Port Royal, 1670. Famous nullification troubles occurred 1832-33; led by J. C. Calhoun, and opposed vigorously by Pres. Jackson, during which his famous expression "by the Eternal" was first used. Seceded November, 1860; re-admitted June, 1868.
Area, 30,170 square miles; extreme length, 275 miles; greatest breadth, 210 miles; coast line, 200 miles. Largest rivers, Savannah, Great Pee Dee, Santee and Edisto. Number counties, 84.
Temperature at Charleston: summer, 79° to 83°; winter, 50° to 54°; rainfall, 43 inches; frosts seldom occur. Aiken, noted winter resort for consumptives. Deaths, consumption, 1.5 per 1,000 population.
Charleston, largest city; laid out 1680; population, 49,984; port of entry; seat of a Catholic bishop. United States customs districts at Beaufort, Charleston and Georgetown.
First railroad to use American locomotives, the South Carolina, built 1830-33; number miles railroad January 1, 1886, 1,693.