To run along the ground.

An oval grooved metal fitting used for the protection of a cable loop at the point of attachment.

A wood sheet composed of three layers of wood glued together, the line of grain crossing at each joint.

The propulsive force exerted by a propeller.

The reduction of thrust due to a reduction of pressure under the stern of the aircraft.

Bracing tubes.

The turning force or moment exerted by the motor.

Linen.

The amount of warp, or permanent set in the ailerons necessary to overcome the torque or twisting effect of the motor. In some machines the torque is overcome by changing the angle of incidence at the wing tips.

A type of aeroplane in which the propeller is placed in front of the wings so that it pulls the machine along.