Gebel Um Rasein is a triple-headed gneiss boss rising up boldly among schists to the east of Gebel Medarai. Its remarkable form and light colour render it a conspicuous feature to a traveller approaching it from the north-east, and it is an important landmark for the well, Bir Um Rasein, which exists in a small wadi at its north foot. The highest peak of the three, marked by a triangulation beacon in latitude 22° 28′ 12″, longitude 35° 20′ 19″, is 909 metres above sea-level. For ascending the mountain, it is best to follow up the Wadi Merdiyeb for a short distance on the west side of the range, and a camp can be placed at 386 metres above the sea in a small tributary gully which drains from the main mountain. The climb of 523 metres to the beacon is steep in places, but can be accomplished in two hours without difficulty by any one used to negotiating smooth steep rocks. The top of the mountain is more convenient for observation than most others in this region, and there is a good view from it. The beacon is on a smooth hard granite surface, with plenty of room to walk round an instrument, while a little to the west there is a good place to pitch a small tent, and a convenient cave for servants to sleep in.
Kilia Arib, another isolated granite mass about six kilometres further east, rises to 647 metres above sea, and is a landmark for the mouth of Wadi Diqdib, which contains a well.
To the east and south of Kilia Arib are some smaller granite hills called Tibashoi. Though rising only some fifty or sixty metres above the plain, these hills are conspicuous landmarks from their isolated position. The northern, central, and southern ones are called respectively Tibashoi Dumat, Tibashoi Tumalhoi, and Tibashoi Tomakolat. Another hill of similar size and character, five kilometres north-north-east of Kilia Arib, is called Tuquqî.
Qrein Salama is a little group of diorite hills rising from the coast-plain to the east of Gebel Gerf. The highest hill of the group, 354 metres above sea, forms a conspicuous landmark which is visible for long distances.
Berget Abu Sarib is a tract of low dark hills, with much drifted sand, lying a few kilometres north-east of Qrein Salama.
Gimeida, a small but conspicuous black conical hill, rising to sixty metres above the coast-plain, or 123 metres above sea-level, is important as a landmark for ships entering Mersa Shab. A triangulation beacon has been erected on the summit, the position of which is latitude 22° 46′ 29″, longitude 35° 37′ 49″. The azimuth from the beacon to the big tree at Mersa Shab is N. 62½° E. A much lower dolerite ridge, two kilometres east of Gimeida, is called Umarawi.
Gebel Hamra Dom is a range of remarkable red granite hills rising abruptly from the coast-plain near latitude 22° 40′ and longitude 35° 40′. The range has a total length from north to south of about eleven kilometres, the highest peak being near the centre of the range. A beacon on this highest peak has the position latitude 22° 39′ 6″, longitude 35° 38′ 42″, altitude 389 metres above sea. Care is necessary in sighting this peak, for there are two others near it of nearly equal height; the beacon is on the southernmost one of the three peaks near the centre of the range. A pass leads across the range a kilometre south of the beacon. Gebel Hamra Dom is a locality well known to the Arabs, in consequence of its being occasionally favoured with some rainfall. In January 1907 the district round the mountain was covered with grass after a recent fall of rain, but the hundreds of camels and other animals which the Arabs took to graze at the place had eaten it all up when I arrived there in February. At times of rainfall there is water to be got in the sandy bed of a little wadi to the north of the beacon, at a place called Ti Dabei Hamra Dom; but it does not last long after rain. Gebel Hamra Dom is drained almost entirely by feeders of Wadi Ibib.
There are numerous smaller hills to the west of Gebel Hamra Dom, but only the largest of them, Tibansi Tikam Ankwei, bears a special name. This is a granite hill rising to 345 metres above sea-level, situated eleven kilometres due west of the beacon on Gebel Hamra Dom.
Gebel Khashab and Gebel Beidâ together form a complex range of high hills mostly composed of schists to the north of Gebel Gerf. The range has its long axis north-west and south-east, with a length of some twenty-five kilometres and an average breadth of about eight kilometres. The highest point of the range is marked by a triangulation beacon on Gebel Beidâ, 715 metres above sea-level, in latitude 23° 0′ 14″, longitude 35° 16′ 54″. The north-west part of the range is drained by the heads of Wadi Khashab, a tributary of Wadi Hodein. The eastern faces are drained by the Wadi Beidâ and various other feeders of Wadi Hodein, while the south and south-west portions of the mass are drained by small tributaries of Wadi Kreiga, itself a tributary of Wadi Hodein. So far as I know, the range can only be crossed by camels at one place, near the centre of its length, where it is cut through by the Wadi Beidâ; coming from the west, one must make for the pass (395 metres above sea, stony but not steep) which separates the heads of Wadi Khashab and Wadi Beidâ; the road is well known as leading to the well called Bir Beidâ.
Gebel Humariai is an isolated hill, 563 metres above sea, a few kilometres to the west of Gebel Beidâ.