b in combination with m is dropped both in pronunciation and spelling. Cf. chamyr (II. 97), tumlit (IV. 182, etc.). C Hummyr for Humber; E Humbre (XV. 538).

d usually dropped after ne.g., henmast = hindmost (XII. 268, etc.); sometimes intrusive—e.g., suddandly (VI. 11), but suddanly (VI. 220). In avantage, aventure from French the English d is intrusive.

f represents final ve in pruf or preif, leiff, driff, knaf, haf, etc., retaining the voiced sound (v) which it had in A.S. between vowels, and r l and vowels.

g in words of French origin has before e, i, the English sound = da(j), which was also then the French one—e.g., liege, jugis.

l as indicating merely a long vowel is unsounded in walknyt (VI. 296), walk (wake, VII. 179, etc.). So we have also falt (VI. 345, etc.) and fawt (III. 298); realte and reawte, etc. Skeat holds that the l in the first case represents but a way of writing the first k, so that the words should be wakk, etc., but this does not cover the second case.[182]

m and n are often interchanged, as in confort, manteme, etc.

ng becomes n before th as lenth, strenth, etc. Cf. also Grammar. The nasal ng may take the place of the liquid n, as in ryng (I. 78, etc.) for “reign” (Fr. regner). The French nasal nce is represented by ng or nche.g., Vallang (II. 201) or Vallanch (V. 472) for “Valence.”

r. Metathesis of r is very characteristic of the Northern dialect—e.g., fryst (first), brist (burst, A.S. berstan), tursit (O.F. trusser), etc.

s is changed to sch in schir, isch (issue), etc.; but on the other side we have sall, suld (shall, should) and Inglis.

z has in Fiz the Anglo-French sound ts, as in rats.