How to dispose 2 vessels upon one foot, the one being empty, and the other almost full of wine, and yet shall not runne out of the vessell, unlesse you fill the empty vessel with water, and then the one shall run pure wine, the other fayre water.
Let there bee 2 vessels placed upon one foot, having a hollow cane passing from one to the other (as I taught in the precedent probleme) but let there bee 2 cranes as F, G, one in each vessell; then fill one of the vessels with wine, but not above the crane, so it will not runne of it selfe: but if you powre water into the other vessell, untill it bee full, it will cause that wine shall runne out of the one, and cleare water out of the other.
To make that the water conteined in one vessell, shal ascend into another vessell placed above it.
Let A, B, C, D, bee a vessell having a partition in the middle, as E, F, let there be placed upon this vessell, a Cylinder of Glasse cleare, and very transparant, that will contayne the same quantity of water, that one of the partitions will, as I, G, H; in the lowermost partition towards the bottome, let there bee a cocke, and out of the same vessell let two pipes be made to passe, the one wherof reacheth almost unto the top of the Cylinder, the other must come out by the side of the Cylinder: also out of the upper partition there must come another pipe. Moreover there must be a hole, through the top of the uppermost partition as Y. Fill the lower partition at the pipe, also the upper partition by the hole Y: note then that if you turn the cocke as the water runneth out of the lower partition, the water contained in the upper partition wil ascend throgh the pipe into the glasse Cylinder. When all the water in the lower partition is runne out at the cocke, then the water which before did ascend into the Cylinder, will fall backe againe into the upper partition: after this manner may you compose an artificiall water clocke, if you note the howres upon the Cylinder, and make the cocke after such manner, as that the water may issue out but by droppes.
To make a cup or vessell that so oft as you take the liquor out of it, so oft it shall fill it selfe, but never runne over.
Svppose A to bee a vessell full of water, having a pipe comming from the bottome, and rising up into a cup of the just height that the vessell is of; over the vessell fild with water, let there be placed another vessel, as E. From this vessell must come a pipe, and reach with in the other vessell. Now ouer this vessell there hangeth, as it were, the beame of a scale; at the one ende whereof, is fastened a peece of boord, hauing a leather nayled upon the top; at the other end of this beame must hang a weight, but not full so heauie as the peece of boord lethered is. Fill both these vessells with water, and the cup also; note then, that if you sucke out the water in the cup by the pipe on the side of it, the water in the vessell will come into it, untill it is in both of equall height: now as the water falleth downe in A, the peece of boord that is hanged unto one end of the beame falleth after it (because it is heauier then the weight) and so giueth way unto the water in E, which runneth into it; and when the vessell is filled againe with water, it beareth up the sayd peece of boord against the pipe of the vessell E, so that the water can run out thereat no longer, except the water bee againe drawne out of the cup.
