[762]. Arch. iii. p. 460.
[763]. He is distinctly called a Krotoniate in the extracts from Menon’s Ἰατρικά (cf. Diog. viii. 84). It is true that Aristoxenos called him and Eurytos Tarentines (Diog. viii. 46), but this only means that he settled at Taras after leaving Thebes. These variations are common in the case of migratory philosophers. Eurytos is also called a Krotoniate and a Metapontine (Iambl. V. Pyth. 148, 266). Cf. also p. 380, [n. 921] on Leukippos, and p. 406, [n. 988] on Hippon.
[764]. For Androkydes, see Diels, Vors. p. 281. As Diels points out (Arch. iii. p. 461), even Lucian has sufficient sense of style to make Pythagoras speak Ionic.
[765]. Cf. fr. 12 = 20 M. (R. P. 79), τὰ ἐν τᾷ σφαίρᾳ σώματα πέντε ἐντί.
[766]. Plato, Rep. 528 b.
[767]. Heiberg’s Euclid, vol. v. p. 654, 1, Ἐν τούτῳ τῷ βιβλίῳ, τουτέστι τῷ ιγ’, γράφεται τὰ λεγόμενα Πλάτωνος ε̄ σχήματα, ἃ αὐτοῦ μὲν οὐκ ἔστιν, τρία δὲ τῶν προειρημένων ε̄ σχημάτων τῶν Πυθαγορείων ἐστίν, ὅ τε κύβος καὶ ἡ πυραμὶς καὶ τὸ δωδεκάεδρον, Θεαιτήτου δὲ τό τε ὀκτάεδρον καὶ τὸ εἰκοσάεδρον. It is no objection to this that, as Newbold points out (Arch. xix. p. 204), the inscription of the dodecahedron is more difficult than that of the octahedron and icosahedron. The Pythagoreans were not confined to strict Euclidean methods. It may further be noted that Tannery comes to a similar conclusion with regard to the musical scale described in the fragment of Philolaos. He says: “Il n’y a jamais eu, pour la division du tétracorde, une tradition pythagoricienne; on ne peut pas avec sûreté remonter plus haut que Platon ou qu’Archytas” (Rev. de Philologie, 1904, p. 244).
[768]. Aristotle says distinctly (Met. Α, 6. 987 b 25) that “to set up a dyad instead of the unlimited regarded as one, and to make the unlimited consist of the great and small, is distinctive of Plato.” Zeller seems to make an unnecessary concession with regard to this passage (p. 368, n. 2; Eng. trans. p. 396, n. 1).
[769]. Zeller, p. 369 sqq. (Eng. trans. p. 397 sqq.).
[770]. For the doctrine of “Philolaos,” cf. fr. 1 = 2 Ch. (R. P. 64); and for the unknowable ἐστὼ τῶν πραγμάτων, see fr. 3 = 4 Ch. (R. P. 67). It has a suspicious resemblance to the later ὕλη, which Aristotle would hardly have failed to note if he had ever seen the passage. He is always on the lookout for anticipations of ὕλη.
[771]. Arist. Met. Α, 8. 989 b 29 (R. P. 92 a).