Riverby

by John Burroughs

That it had its head bit off by it young."

Last season I saw a cow-bunting fully grown following a "chippie" sparrow about, clamoring for food, and really looking large enough to bite off and swallow the head of its parent, and apparently hungry enough to do it. The "chippie" was evidently trying to shake it off and let it shift for itself, for it avoided it and flew from point to point to escape it. Its life was probably made wretched by the greedy monster it had unwittingly reared.

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INDEX

• Accentor, golden-crowned. See [Thrush, golden-crowned].
• Adder's-tongue, or yellow erythronium, or dog's-tooth violet, [23-26].
• Albertus Magnus, [252].
• Alexander, Colonel, his stock farm, [225], [226], [228], [229].
• Ants, [255].
• Apple-trees, [165], [169], [209];
• old trees bear the most birds, [271];
• bird life in an old tree, [271-276].
• April, a natal month, [162], [163];
• a perfect day in, [165].
• Arbutus, trailing, [14], [15], [167].
• Arethusa, [3], [4].
• Arnold, Matthew, [214].
• Ash, black, [6], [17].
• Azalea, white, [6].
• Balsam. See [Fir].
• Bass, [16].
• Bear, black (Ursus americanus), [41], [58], [163], [173], [174].
• Beardslee, Mrs., [109 n.]
• Beaver (Castor fiber), [309].
• Beaverkill, the, [34].
• Bee. See [Bumblebee] and [Honey-bee].
• Bee-balm. See [Monarda].
• Big Ingin Valley, [37].
• Birch, yellow, [42].
• Birds, colors of eggs, [64], [65];
• lining materials for nests, [70];
• shapes of eggs, [72];
• courtship, [77], [85];
• human traits of, [85], [86];
• fickle-mindedness of, [91];
• sense of taste, [96];
• their sympathy with each other, [119];
• gregarious and solitary, [120];
• local attachments of, [172], [173];
• sing at a distance from their nests, [188];
• concert of action among, [200], [201], [266];
• earth baths and water baths, [210];
• variations in songs according to localities and during a series of years, [239];
• their keenness of sight, [277];
• removal of egg-shells from the nest, [288], [289];
• the young leaving the nest, [292];
• continuation of the family life after the nest is left, [293], [294];
• the male feeding his mate, [298];
• the females more active than the male in caring for the young, [312], [313];
• the male broader in his sympathies and affections than the female, [313-315].
• Blackbird, crow, or purple grackle, (Quiscalus quiscula), notes of, [167].
• Blackbird, red-winged. See [Starling, red-shouldered].
• Black Pond, gathering pond-lilies in, [16-18].
• Blood-root, [5], [13], [14], [168].
• Bluebird (Sialia sialis), war with a wren, [66-68];
• courtship of, [79];
• jealousy and a duel, [80-82], [91];
• arrival of, [158], [159], [160];
• imaginary rivals, [189-191];
• and downy woodpecker, [272];
• war with a great crested flycatcher, [274], [275];
• jealousy and courage of, [275];
• and English sparrow, [275], [292], [293];
• feeding a family of vireos, [313], [314];
• notes of, [79-82], [158], [159], [163];
• nest and eggs of, [15], [64], [66], [68], [79-82], [189], [191], [275].
• Blue-grass, [223], [227], [228], [234].
• Blue-grass region, the, [223-234].
• Bluets. See [Houstonia].
• Blue-weed. See [Bugloss, viper's].
• Bobolink (Dolichonyx oryzivorus), [188], [239];
• song of, [239];
• nest of, [188].
• Bob-white. See [Quail].
• Boneset, climbing, [31].
• Boswell, James, [251].
• Botany, the study of, [27], [28];
• a needed aid in, [31], [32].
• Bowlders, refusing to stay down, [100], [101].
• Brooks. See [Trout streams].
• Bugloss, viper's, or blue-weed, [29], [30].
• Bullfrog, [255].
• Bumblebee, [14];
• visiting the closed gentian, [27] and [note];
• drones, [269].
• Bunting, black-throated, or dickcissel (Spiza americana), [239];
• song of, [239].
• Bunting, indigo. See [Indigo-bird].
• Bunting, snow, or snowflake (Plectrophenax nivalis), [200].
• Calf, fear in the young, [195].
• Calypso, the orchid, [1], [2].
• Cambium layer, the, [158].
• Camp, repairing, [47], [52];
• rain in, [48];
• a cold night in, [52-54].
• Camping, in the southern Catskills, [33-60].
• Campion, bladder, [29].
• Canary, [96], [97], [191], [305].
• Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis), [239].
• Cardinal-flower, [11], [29].
• Carlyle, Thomas, a woman's opinion of, [108], [109];
• quotation from, [297].
• Catbird (Galeoscoptes carolinensis), [142];
• song of, [308].
• Cats, chipmunks and, [148-150];
• red squirrels and, [195].
• Catskills, mountaineering in the southern, [33-60];
• the rocks of, [34], [46], [47];
• the water of, [40].
• Cattle, backwoods, [58], [59].
• Cedar-bird, or cedar waxwing (Ampelis cedrorum), [72], [200];
• nest and eggs of, [70], [72].
• Charming, the power of, [255-257].
• Chat, yellow-breasted (Icteria virens), [239].
• Chelone, or turtle-head, [29].
• Cherry pits, [151], [152].
• Chewink, or towhee (Pipilo erythrophthalmus), [14].
• Chickadee (Parus atricapillus), [121];
• young leaving the nest, [292], [293];
• family life continued after the nest is left, [293], [294];
• a fatal malady, [294];
• a male feeding his mate, [298];
• notes of, [293], [294];
• nest of, [70], [257], [258], [292], [293], [298], [299].
• Chipmunk (Tamias striatus), [140];
• spring awakening of, [145], [163];
• breeding habits of, [146];
• manners and conversation of, [146];
• enemies of, [146], [147];
• nervous, impetuous ways of, [147], [148];
• a hermit, [148], [152];
• adventures with cats, [148-150];
• the digging and furnishing of the den, [150], [151];
• food for the winter, [115], [152], [194];
• sociability, [152];
• pursued by a weasel, [152-154].
• Chippie, or social sparrow (Spizella socialis), [72];
• a curious mishap, [124], [125];
• and young cowbird, [315], [316];
• nest and eggs of, [64], [124].
• Claytonia, or spring beauty, [42], [43].
• Clintonia, [42].
• Clover, red, [42].
• Clover, sweet, or melilotus, [29].
• Columbine, [13].
• Condor, [309].
• Cone-flower, or rudbeckia, [98].
• Contentment, [87-90].
• Coon. See [Raccoon].
• Corydalis, [13].
• Cowbird, or cow-bunting (Molothrus ater), desecrating a vireo's nest, [290], [291];
• the young bird and its foster-parent, [315-316].
• Crane, sandhill (Grus mexicana), [105-107];
• nest and eggs of, [105], [106].
• Crickets, field, hibernating of, [255].
• Crow, American (Corvus americanus), their fellow-feeling and courtesy towards each other, [119], [120];
• suspiciousness of, [121], [122], [164], [171], [265], [298];
• the male feeding his mate, [312];
• notes of, [163];
• nest of, [312].
• Cuckoo, European, [316].
• Cypripedium. See [Lady's-slipper].
• Daffodil, [19].
• Dandelion, [104], [105].
• David, a guide in the Catskills, [39], [40].
• Deer, Virginia (Cariacus virginianus), [41], [277-279].
• Dicentra. See [Dutchman's breeches] and [Squirrel corn].
• Dickcissel. See [Bunting, black-throated], [239].
• Dipper, European, eggs of, [65].
• Dog, a, detected in stealing, [58], [59];
• a red squirrel's race with a, [198], [199], [256].
• Dog-toes, [98].
• Double-Top, [43].
• Dove, turtle or mourning (Zenaidura macroura), [236], [299];
• nest and young of, [299], [300].
• Duck, eider, [70].
• Ducks, wild, [101], [161].
• Dutchman's breeches (Dicentra cucullaria), [4].
• Eel, [252].
• Emerson, Ralph Waldo, [109], [245];
• quotations from, [14], [63].
• Erythronium. See [Adder's-tongue].
• Evening primrose, [19].
• Esopus Creek, [34].
• Farmers, Kentucky, [226], [227].
• Fear, in wild animals, [193-197];
• in man, [195];
• in domestic animals, [195];
• paralysis from, [255-257].
• Fences, [100].
• Fern. See [Osmunda].
• Fertility, the beauty of, [221], [222].
• Finch, lark, or lark sparrow (Chondestes grammacus), [234], [235];
• song of, [235].
• Finch, purple (Carpodacus purpureus), song of, [308];
• nest of, [300].
• Fir, balsam, [42], [43], [47].
• Fish, a small, swallowing a large fish, [131].
• Fishes, flying, walking, and tree-climbing, [308].
• Flicker. See [High-hole].
• Flowers, wild, the identification of, [31], [32].
• Flycatcher, great crested (Myiarchus crinitus), [274];
• war with a bluebird, [274], [275];
• notes of, [274];
• nest of, [260], [272-275].
• Fox, red (Vulpes vulpes, var. fulvus), tracks of, [126], [127], [303];
• [177], [196], [197], [277].
• Frog, pickerel, [255].
• Frog, wood, [261].
• Frogs, spring awakening of, [163];
• hibernating of, [254], [255].
• See [Bullfrog], [Hyla], and [Tree-frog].
• Fumitory, climbing, [4], [5].
• Game, on the prairie, [101], [102].
• Gentian, closed, [26], [27], [30].
• Georgetown, Ky., [232].
• Gerardia, rose, [11].
• Ginger, wild, [26].
• Girl, a young English, [28], [29].
• Goethe, quotation from, [90].
• Goldenrod, [98].
• Goldenrod, mountain, [54].
• Goldfinch, American, or yellowbird (Spinus tristis), [72];
• habits of, [73], [74];
• love-making festivals of, [83], [84];
• change of plumage, [83], [84], [166];
• notes of, [73], [74], [84];
• nest and eggs of, [72], [73].
• Goose, Canada (Branta canadensis), [101].
• Gopher, pocket (Spermophilus sp.), [104].
• Grackle, purple. See [Blackbird, crow].
• Grass. See [Blue-grass].
• Grass, chess or cheat, [262], [263].
• Green River, [243], [249].
• Grosbeak, pine (Pinicola enucleator), a visit from, [284-286];
• notes of, [284].
• Grouse, pinnated, or prairie hen (Tympanuchus americanus), [101], [102], [106];
• notes of, [101];
• nest and eggs of, [61], [101], [102].
• Grouse, ruffed, or partridge (Bonasa umbellus), courtship of, [85], [177], [201];
• protective coloring of, [261];
• her well-trained young, [262];
• drumming of, [85];
• nest of, [61].
• Hair-snake, [264], [265].
• Hardhack. See [Steeple-bush].
• Hare, northern (Lepus americanus, var. virginianus), [197], [198].
• Hats and bonnets, Thoreau on, [209], [210].
• Hawk, banqueting-hall of a, [171], [172];
• quickness of a, [200];
• and mouse, [256], [257];
• the smaller species as enemies of birds and chickens, [265], [266];
• poised in mid-air, [266].
• See [Hen-hawk].
• Hawk, American sparrow (Falco sparverius), [265].
• Hawk, fish. See [Osprey].
• Hawk, marsh (Circus hudsonius), habits and appearance of, [133];
• defending her nest, [134], [135];
• young of, [135], [137], [138];
• a tame young one, [138-143], [172];
• notes of, [134], [135], [138], [139];
• nest and eggs of, [133-138].
• Hawk, pigeon (Falco columbarius), caught in a shad-net, [259].
• Hawk, sharp-shinned (Accipiter velox), [266].
• Hawkweed (Hieracium aurantiacum), [8], [9], [10] and [note].
• Hen-hawk, [133];
• one of the farmer's best friends, [265].
• Hepatica. See [Liver-leaf].
• High-hole, or flicker (Colaptes auratus), matchmaking of, [82], [83];
• drumming of, [83];
• unbridled boring propensities, [276], [292];
• notes of, [82], [83], [165], [167];
• nest and eggs of, [72], [83], [259].
• Hogs of the prairie, [99].
• Honey-bee, [14], [30];
• in a chimney, [68];
• working on sawdust, [158], [159], [162], [163].
• Horses, gentleness towards children, [97];
• in Kentucky, [228], [233].
• Houstonia, or bluets, [19], [20].
• Hummingbird, ruby-throated (Trochilus colubris), probing peaches, [286];
• a curious statement about, [287];
• nest and eggs of, [65].
• Hunters and their victims, [277-281].
• Hyla, Pickering's, or peeper, [166], [168], [254].
• Illinois, birds observed in, [235], [236].
• Indian cucumber root, or medeola, [2], [3].
• Indigo-bird, or indigo bunting (Passerina cyanea), song of, [188];
• nest of, [188].
• Invalid, observations of an, [87-109].
• Ironweed, [228].
• Jay, blue (Cyanocitta cristata), hoarding food, [90], [91];
• worried by a wren, [92], [128], [130], [236];
• a devourer of the eggs and young of other birds, [289];
• mobbed by robins, [289], [290], [293];
• a male feeding his mate, [298], [299], [300];
• notes of, [128], [299];
• nest and eggs of, [92], [128], [298], [299].
• Jefferies, Richard, a reporter of nature, [207];
• his Wild Life, [207];
• a sympathetic spectator of nature, not an observer, [211];
• his Gamekeeper at Home, [211];
• his Amateur Poacher, [211];
• his My Old Village, [211];
• quotation from, [211-213].
• Jewel-weed, [28], [29].
• Johnson, Dr. Samuel, [204], [205];
• on scorpions and swallows, [251].
• Joint-snake. See [Snake, glass].
• Journal, keeping a, [155-158].
• Junco. See [Snowbird].
• Kentucky, the journey into, [221-223];
• the blue-grass region of, [223-234];
• the birds of, [234-239];
• Mammoth Cave, [241-250].
• Kingbird (Tyrannus tyrannus), [293];
• nest of, [70], [259], [260].
• Kingfisher, belted (Ceryle alcyon), nest and eggs of, [65].
• Kingfisher, English, [65];
• eggs of, [65].
• Knott, Governor, [238].
• Lady's-slipper, showy (Cypripedium spectabile), [6-8].
• Lady's-slipper, stemless or pink (Cypripedium acaule), [6], [71].
• Lark, shore or horned (Otocoris alpestris) and prairie horned lark (O. a. praticola), [163], [164], [287];
• in confinement, [288];
• notes of, [163], [164], [287], [288].
• Larkins, his house in the Catskills, [37], [56], [57];
• directions from, [38], [39];
• his dog, [59], [60].
• Licks, of Kentucky, the, [225].
• Lilies, scarlet, [98].
• Lily, meadow, [17].
• See [Pond-lily].
• Limestone, of Kentucky, [234].
• Linnæus, quotation from, [266].
• Lion's-foot, [30].
• Liver-leaf, or hepatica, [14].
• Loon (Urinator imber), [309].
• Loosestrife, purple, [12], [29].
• Lynx, Canada (Lynx canadensis), [198].
• Mallow. See [Marsh-mallow].
• Mammoth Cave, general impressions of, [241], [242], [248];
• relics of 1812, [242];
• the clock, [243];
• timidity of visitors, [243], [244];
• a dark city, [244];
• as a sanitarium, [244], [245];
• the Star Chamber, [245], [246];
• musical rocks, [246], [247];
• water in, [247], [248];
• Goring Dome, [248];
• the entrance, [248], [249];
• a river of cool air, [249], [250].
• Maple, red, [17].
• Maple, sugar, keys of, [152];
• starting of the sap, [159];
• a good sap day, [160], [161].
• March, a typical day of, [161];
• tokens of, [219], [220].
• Marigold, marsh, [19].
• Marsh-mallow (Althæa officinalis), [12].
• Martin, Mrs., her Home Life on an Ostrich Farm, [86].
• Martin, purple (Progne subis), eggs of, [65].
• Meadow-beauty, or rhexia, [10].
• Meadowlark (Sturnella magna), [236];
• notes of, [165], [167].
• Medeola. See [Indian cucumber root].
• Melilotus. See [Clover, sweet].
• Milkweed, marsh, [13].
• Mimicry, [308], [309].
• Mimulus, purple, or monkey-flower, [29].
• Mink (Putorius vison), [103], [104];
• tracks of, [126], [127], [309].
• Mockingbird (Mimus polyglottos), [239], [302];
• song of, [308].
• Monarda, or bee-balm, [11].
• Monkey-flower. See [Mimulus].
• Moose (Alce alces), pursuit of a, [280], [281].
• Mountain-ash, [42].
• Mountain-climbing, in the Catskills, [33-60].
• Mountains, their meaning to Oriental minds, [44], [45].
• Mt. Graham, [43].
• Mount Sterling, [223].
• Mt. Wittenberg, [35], [38], [56], [57].
• Mouse, meadow, [256];
• crossing a lake, [309-311].
• Mouse, white-footed, a mother with her young, [311].
• Mouse-ear, [21-23].
• Muskrat (Fiber zibethicus), [103], [104];
• in a doorway, [177], [178], [303].
• Nature, the language of, [118];
• various forms of the love of, [203], [204];
• the real lover of, [205], [206];
• the passion for Nature not a mere curiosity about her, [207], [208];
• the creative touch of the imagination needed in descriptions of, [213], [215];
• fresh impressions of, [215-220];
• many dramas played at once on her stage, [268];
• all things to all men, [269], [270];
• the gradations in, [307-309].
• Neversink, the, [34].
• Newt, water, [162].
• Night, Jefferies on, [213];
• Whitman on, [213], [214];
• in Senancour's Obermann, [214], [215].
• Nightingale, song of, [308].
• Oaks, English, [212].
• Obermann, by Étienne Pivert de Senancour, quotation from, [214], [215].
• Observation, the gift of, [90];
• alertness of mind necessary in, [118], [286];
• a translation of nature's language into human speech necessary in, [118];
• on the part of wild creatures, [119];
• selective and detective, [208], [211];
• an unbiased mind necessary in, [252];
• specialized, [252], [253];
• all possible sources of error to be taken into account in, [253];
• a steady and patient as well as sharp eye necessary in, [262-269], [286];
• love of nature the first step in, [283];
• the critical habit of mind necessary in, [291].
• Oriole, Baltimore (Icterus galbula), [236-238], [286];
• nest and eggs of, [65], [66], [124], [237], [238].
• Osmunda fern, royal, [16].
• Osprey, American, or fish hawk (Pandion haliaëtus carolinensis), regular habits of an osprey, [172], [173], [257].
• Ostrich, [86].
• Otter, American (Lutra hudsonica), tracks of, [303], [304];
• habits of, [304].
• Oven-bird. See [Thrush, golden-crowned].
• Owl, great horned (Bubo virginianus), [197];
• nest of, [61].
• Owl, screech (Megascops asio), a brood of young, [294];
• notes of, [220];
• nest of, [61].
• Owl, snowy (Nyctea nyctea), [197].
• Owls, the eggs of, [62], [198].
• Oxen, [99], [100].
• Panther Mountain, [43], [56], [57].
• Partridge. See [Grouse, ruffed].
• Peak-o'-Moose, [43].
• Peeper. See [Hyla].
• Perch, [16], [212].
• Phœbe-bird (Sayornis phœbe), [286], [293], [294];
• nest and eggs of, [62-64], [70], [249], [260], [297].
• Pickerel, [16].
• Pigeon, passenger (Ectopistes migratorius), [101];
• nest of, [62].
• Pike, barred, [212].
• Pink, prairie, [98].
• Pitcher plant, [6].
• Polygala, fringed, [20], [21].
• Pond-lily, [15-18].
• Porcupine, Canada (Erethizon dorsatus), [36], [37], [47], [53], [58], [309].
• Prairie, the, notes from, [87-109];
• like the ocean, [88];
• life in the fifties on, [97-107];
• game on, [101-107];
• a dead level, [224].
• Prairie hen. See [Grouse, pinnated].
• Primrose. See [Evening primrose].
• Proctor, Professor, [224].
• Pussy-willows, [220].
• Quail, or bob-white (Colinus virginianus), [101];
• setting, [136];
• young of, [137];
• answering a call, [175], [176];
• hatching of the young, [291], [292];
• notes of, [175], [176];
• nest and eggs of, [75], [135-137], [291], [292].
• Rabbit, [48].
• Rabbit, gray (Lepus sylvaticus), [176];
• a captive, [182], [183];
• timidity and witlessness of, [197], [198].
• Raccoon (Procyon lotor), [163];
• a captive, [178], [179];
• courage of, [196], [197].
• Rain, in camp, [48].
• Rat, pet squirrel and, [96], [104].
• Red-bird, summer, or summer tanager (Piranga rubra), [236];
• song of, [236].
• Rhexia. See [Meadow-beauty].
• Roads, in Kentucky, [232].
• Robin, American (Merula migratoria), [72];
• courtship of, [78], [79];
• duels of, [78], [79], [142], [190];
• singing a brown thrasher's song, [267];
• mobbing a blue jay, [289], [290];
• a brood of young fed by a wren, [314], [315];
• notes of, [57], [159], [163], [166], [167], [267];
• nest of, [15], [91], [124], [300], [314].
• Robin redbreast, song of, [308].
• Rocks, of the Catskills, [34], [46], [47].
• Rondout Creek, [34], [49].
• Rose, wild, [11], [98].
• Rudbeckia. See [Cone-flower].
• Sapsucker, yellow-bellied. See [Woodpecker, yellow-bellied].
• Scorpion, [251].
• Senancour, Étienne Pivert de, quotation from his Obermann, [214], [215].
• Shad, [15].
• Shad-bush, low, [42].
• Shakespeare, quotation from, [316].
• Shelby, Colonel, his form, [225].
• Shrike (Lanius sp.), and chipmunk, [147], [304-306];
• song of, [303], [306].
• Sink-holes, [229], [230].
• Skunk (Mephitis mephitica), a narrow escape, [179];
• fearlessness of, [196].
• Skunk cabbage, [162], [219].
• Skylark, on the Hudson, [210];
• song of, [210].
• Slide Mountain, location and description of, [33], [34], [35];
• ascent of, [37-42];
• on the summit, [33-54];
• descent of, [54-56].
• Snake, black, fight with a pair, [128-130];
• rifling nests, [128], [130];
• swallowing a garter snake, [131], [146], [195], [256];
• as a rattler, [309].
• Snake, garter, [131];
• as a rattler, [309].
• Snake, glass, or joint-snake, [263], [264].
• Snake, green, [131];
• protective coloring of, [260], [261].
• Snakes, spring awakening of, [163];
• their so-called power of charming, [255-257].
• See [Hair-snake].
• Snow, on Slide Mt., [54];
• damage to peach buds caused by, [160];
• tracks in, [302-304].
• Snowbird, or slate-colored junco (Junco hyemalis), [159].
• Snowflake. See [Bunting, snow].
• Sparrow, bush or russet or field (Spizella pusilla), [119];
• song of, [165], [167].
• Sparrow, Canada or tree (Spizella monticola), [159].
• Sparrow, English (Passer domesticus), [62], [77], [118], [119], [272], [275];
• a female assists a chippie in feeding a young cowbird, [315].
• Sparrow, fox (Passerella iliaca), song of, [308].
• Sparrow, Henslow's (Ammodramus henslowii), [296].
• Sparrow, lark. See [Finch, lark].
• Sparrow, savanna (Ammodramus sandwichensis savanna), [296].
• Sparrow, social. See [Chippie].
• Sparrow, song (Melospiza fasciata), [64];
• building on an insecure foundation, [123], [124], [159];
• an interesting couple, [187-189];
• song of, [169], [170], [187], [189];
• nest and eggs of, [15], [63], [64], [123], [124], [135], [187-189].
• Sparrow, swamp (Melospiza georgiana), [17];
• nest of, [17].
• Sparrow, yellow-winged or grasshopper (Ammodramus savannarum passerinus), [295-297];
• notes of, [295], [296];
• nest and eggs of, [296].
• Spider, a Javan, [309].
• Spider, flying, [220].
• Spring, first days of, [158-160], [218-220].
• Spring beauty. See [Claytonia].
• Springs, in Kentucky, [232].
• Spruce, [6];
• a grove on Slide Mountain, [41], [42], [43].
• Spruce, Norway, [285].
• Squirrel, flying (Sciuropterus volans), [116];
• habits of, [307].
• Squirrel, gray (Sciurus carolinensis, var. leucotis), five tame squirrels, [93-96], [177].
• Squirrel, red (Sciurus hudsonicus), [95], [145], [184];
• cautious habits of, [193], [194];
• not so provident as the chipmunk, [194];
• caught by cats and snakes, [194], [195], [256];
• a race with a dog, [198], [199];
• as a parachute, [306], [307].
• Squirrel corn (Dicentra canadensis), [5], [6].
• Starling, red-shouldered, or red-winged blackbird (Agelaius phœniceus), notes of, [218].
• Stars, the, [215], [216].
• Steeple-bush, or hardhack, [11].
• Strawberries, wild, [42], [43], [57].
• Streams, in Kentucky, [231].
• Sunflower, wild, [19].
• Swallow, bank (Clivicola riparia), eggs of, [65].
• Swallow, barn (Chelidon erythrogaster), [166], [260];
• nest and eggs of, [65], [69], [70], [260].
• Swallow, chimney, or chimney swift (Chætura pelagica), flight of, [69];
• nest and eggs of, [65], [68], [69].
• Swallow, cliff (Petrochelidon lunifrons), eggs of, [65].
• Swallow, white-bellied or tree (Tachycineta bicolor), eggs of, [65].
• Swallows, hibernating of, [251], [252].
• Swift, chimney. See [Swallow, chimney].
• Swift, European, eggs of, [65].
• Table Mountain, [43].
• Tanager, scarlet (Piranga erythromelas), eggs of, [64].
• Tanager, summer. See [Red-bird, summer].
• Terrapin, or land turtle, [196].
• Thoreau, Henry David, a woman's view of, [107], [156], [204];
• his Walden, [208];
• his Journals, [208-210];
• as an observer, [208-210], [253];
• quotation from, [208], [209].
• Thrasher, brown (Harporhynchus rufus), an unfortunate pair, [185-187], [236];
• its song sung by a robin, [267];
• song of, [168], [306];
• nest and eggs of, [185-187].
• Thrush, Bicknell's (Turdus aliciæ bicknelli), [46], [45];
• visiting a garden, [300];
• song of, [46], [48], [49], [54], [300].
• Thrush, golden-crowned, or golden-crowned accentor, or oven-bird (Seiurus aurocapillus), [70], [71];
• song of, [71];
• nest and eggs of, [70], [71].
• Thrush, gray-cheeked (Turdus aliciæ), [14].
• Thrush, hermit (Turdus aonalaschkæ pallasii), [14];
• song of, [17], [46].
• Thrush, wood (Turdus mustelinus), struggles with a piece of paper, [125], [126];
• a domestic tragedy, [184], [185];
• song of, [184], [185];
• nest and eggs of, [125], [126], [184], [185].
• Thyme, wild, [30].
• Toad, [168];
• the young after a shower, [254].
• Toad-flax, [29].
• Torrey, John, [253].
• Tortoise, box, [309].
• Towhee. See [Chewink].
• Tree-frog, or tree-toad, [254], [261].
• Trees, succession of forest, [91].
• Trillium, painted, [43].
• Trout, brook, [57], [58].
• Trout streams, beauty and purity of, [39], [40].
• Turkey, domestic, [86].
• Turkey, wild (Meleagris gallopavo), [101].
• Turtle, land. See [Terrapin].
• Turtle, spotted, [196].
• Turtle-head. See [Chelone].
• Turtles, [163], [196], [210].
• Vervain, [29].
• Violet, Canada, [20].
• Violet, common, [20].
• Violet, dog's-tooth. See [Adder's-tongue].
• Violet, small white, [20].
• Violet, spurred, [20].
• Vireo (Vireo sp.), a brood of young fed by a bluebird, [313], [314].
• Vireo, red-eyed (Vireo olivaceus), [289], [297];
• notes of, [297];
• nest and eggs of, [8], [290], [291].
• Virginia, journey through, [221], [222].
• Warbler, black-poll (Dendroica striata), on Slide Mountain, [46];
• song of, [46].
• Warbler, hedge, song of, [308].
• Wasps, stingless, [269].
• Water-lily. See [Pond-lily].
• Waxwing, cedar. See [Cedar-bird].
• Weasel (Putorius sp.), and his den, [111-117];
• pursuing a chipmunk, [152-154], [309].
• Wheat, chess grass and, [262], [263].
• Whip-poor-will (Antrostomus vociferus), [71], [72];
• protective coloring of, [261];
• eggs of, [71], [261].
• White, Gilbert, [266].
• Whitman, Walt, quotations from, [213], [214], [247].
• Wild animal, a mythical, [174], [175].
• Willow-herb, [16].
• Witch-hazel, [27].
• Wittenberg, the, [35], [38], [56], [57].
• Wolf, gray (Canis lupus), [102], [103].
• Wolf, prairie (Canis latrans), [102].
• Woman, observations of an invalid, [87-109].
• Women, about the best lovers of nature, [88].
• Woodchuck (Arctomys monax), friendly calls, [179];
• mother and young, [180], [181];
• a pet, [181], [182].
• Woodcock, American (Philohela minor), [219], [220].
• Woodland Valley, [37].
• Woodpecker, downy (Dryobates pubescens), [66];
• drumming of, [83], [145], [166];
• winter retreats of, [271-273];
• attacked by a bluebird, [272].
• Woodpecker, hairy (Dryobates villosus), [273].
• Woodpecker, red-headed (Melanerpes erythrocephalus), [238].
• Woodpecker, yellow-bellied (Sphyrapicus varius), sapsucking habits of, [258], [259].
• Woodpeckers, eggs of, [64], [65];
• drumming of, [83-85];
• courtship of, [83-85].
• Woods, traveling through pathless, [50], [51];
• in Kentucky, [227-231].
• Wordsworth, William, his love of nature, [204-207];
• quotations from, [19], [204], [205].
• Wren, Carolina (Thryothorus ludovicianus), on the Hudson, [300-302];
• a performer, [301];
• song of, [301], [302];
• nest of, [68].
• Wren, European, nest of, [68].
• Wren, house (Troglodytes aëdon), occupying orioles' nests, [65], [66];
• war with a bluebird, [66-68], [92];
• feeding a brood of young robins, [314], [315];
• overflowing with life and activity, [315];
• "cock-nests" built by the male, [315];
• notes of, [67], [68], [314];
• nest and eggs of, [65], [66], [68], [70], [92], [314], [315].
• Wren, long-billed marsh (Cistothorus palustris), "cock-nests" built by the male, [315];
• nest of, [68], [315].
• Wren, short-billed marsh (Cistothorus stellaris), nest of, [68].
• Wren, winter (Troglodytes hiemalis), [41];
• song of, [41];
• nest of, [68], [70].
• Wryneck, eggs of, [65].
• Yellowbird. See [Goldfinch].

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TRANSCRIBER'S NOTES:

Pages v, vii, 76, 110, 132, 144, 192, 202, 240, and 282 are blank in the original.

Variations in spelling and hyphenation have been left as in the original.