The Non-Christian Cross / An Enquiry into the Origin and History of the Symbol Eventually Adopted as That of Our Religion

by John Denham Parsons

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Constans I., another son of Constantine the Great, issued a coin on which he is represented as holding in one hand a simply formed labarum or military standard consisting of a straight pole terminating at the top in a crossbar, from which hangs a banner bearing the symbol

; while in the other hand he holds a small round object surmounted by a Phœnix.

Constantius II., yet another son of Constantine the Great, issued a coin on which is the symbol

between the letters Α and Ω (? ΑΡΧΩ); the legend being Salus Aug Nostri.

On another coin is Constantius II. as the Sun, upon one side; and upon the other the symbol