FOOTNOTES:
[196] Vol. I., pp. 367-368, italics not in original.
[197] P. 262 of Prolegomena to Ethics; see chs. iii. and iv. of Book III.
[198] Alexander, Moral Order and Progress, pp. 384-898.
[199] This does not of course exclude change and reform. It means that, so far as a society is organized, these changes themselves occur in regular and authorized ways.
[200] It is stated, upon good authority, that a street railway system in a large American city declined to adopt an improved fender, which made it practically impossible to kill persons, because the annual cost would be $5,000 more than the existing expense for damages. This same system declined to adopt improved brakes which would reduce accidents to life and limb; and it was discovered that one of its directors was largely interested in the manufacture of the old brakes.
[201] Said Emerson: "If a man is sick, is unable, is mean-spirited and odious, it is because there is so much of his nature which is unlawfully withholden from him."
[202] Recent suppression by the police in the larger American cities of public meetings called to discuss unemployment or other matters deemed by some dangerous to vested interests, shows that the value of free speech as a "safety-valve" has not even yet been thoroughly learned. It also shows how the victories of freedom in the past have to be fought and won over again under new conditions, if they are to be kept alive.
[203] Marshall, Principles of Economics.