[186] There was much strong feeling and vehement writing on the subject by those who were disgusted at the prevalent state of things: “I always judged such as are averse to towns to be three sorts of persons: 1. Fools, who cannot, neither will see their own interest and advantage in having towns. 2. Knaves, who would still carry on fraudulent designs and cheating tricks in a corner or secret trade, afraid of being exposed at a public market. 3. Sluggards, who rather than be at labour and at any charge in transporting their goods to market, though idle at home, and lose double thereby rather than do it. To which I may add a fourth, which are Sots, who may be best cured of their disease by a pair of stocks in town.” Makemie’s Plain and Friendly Perswasive, London, 1705, p. 16.
[187] Present State of Virginia, 1697, p. 12.
[188] A kind of cleaver.
[189] Bruce, Economic History, ii. 382-383.
[190] Conway, Barons of the Potomack and the Rappahannock, p. 116.
[191] Though the attempts to stimulate shipbuilding met with little success, the manufacture of barges, pinnaces, and shallops was sustained by imperative necessity. See Bruce, op. cit. ii. 426-439.
[192] Elkanah Watson, Men and Times of the Revolution, 2d ed., New York, 1856, chap. ii.
[193] See Ripley’s Financial History of Virginia, pp. 119-124.
[194] Bruce, op. cit. ii. 411-416.
[195] Ripley, Financial History of Virginia, p. 122; cf. Bruce, op. cit. ii. 368.