[43] See [Pl. II. (ii).]

[44] Cf. Strabo, XII. xi. 8.

[45] We noticed in passing an aged pair working together in their small garden of vegetables. It was summer-time, and their sleeping-place was a bower of branches and twigs covered entirely with pink roses.

[46] To be distinguished from the Bogche, which gives its name to the pass over the Giaour Dagh ([p. 14]).

[47] Herodotus, i. 75, and v. 52; Ramsay, Historical Geography, p. 29; but see below, [p. 38, note 1].

[48] Cf. Pls. [XII.], [XIII. (ii)]. We are alluding to the poorer classes. There is a considerable degree of refinement and simple luxury among the more prosperous Turkomans. See, for example, Davis, Life in Asiatic Turkey, pp. 223-4.

[49] [Pl. XVII.]

[50] Cf. Pls. [XIV.], [XVIII.]

[51] The Yazîr Daresi.

[52] The Beuyuk Kayanin Daresi. See [Pl. LIX.]